#!/bin/bash # # lib/databases/mysql # Functions to control the configuration and operation of the **MySQL** database backend # Dependencies: # # - DATABASE_{HOST,USER,PASSWORD} must be defined # Save trace setting _XTRACE_DB_MYSQL=$(set +o | grep xtrace) set +o xtrace MYSQL_DRIVER=${MYSQL_DRIVER:-PyMySQL} register_database mysql # Linux distros, thank you for being incredibly consistent MYSQL=mysql if is_fedora && ! is_oraclelinux; then MYSQL=mariadb fi # Functions # --------- function get_database_type_mysql { if [[ "$MYSQL_DRIVER" == "PyMySQL" ]]; then echo mysql+pymysql else echo mysql fi } # Get rid of everything enough to cleanly change database backends function cleanup_database_mysql { stop_service $MYSQL if is_ubuntu; then # Get ruthless with mysql apt_get purge -y mysql* mariadb* sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql sudo rm -rf /etc/mysql return elif is_suse || is_oraclelinux; then uninstall_package mysql-community-server sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql elif is_fedora; then uninstall_package mariadb-server sudo rm -rf /var/lib/mysql else return fi } function recreate_database_mysql { local db=$1 mysql -u$DATABASE_USER -p$DATABASE_PASSWORD -h$MYSQL_HOST -e "DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS $db;" mysql -u$DATABASE_USER -p$DATABASE_PASSWORD -h$MYSQL_HOST -e "CREATE DATABASE $db CHARACTER SET utf8;" } function configure_database_mysql { local my_conf mysql slow_log echo_summary "Configuring and starting MySQL" if is_ubuntu; then my_conf=/etc/mysql/my.cnf mysql=mysql elif is_suse || is_oraclelinux; then my_conf=/etc/my.cnf mysql=mysql elif is_fedora; then mysql=mariadb my_conf=/etc/my.cnf else exit_distro_not_supported "mysql configuration" fi # Start mysql-server if is_fedora || is_suse; then # service is not started by default start_service $mysql fi # Set the root password - only works the first time. For Ubuntu, we already # did that with debconf before installing the package, but we still try, # because the package might have been installed already. sudo mysqladmin -u root password $DATABASE_PASSWORD || true # Update the DB to give user '$DATABASE_USER'@'%' full control of the all databases: sudo mysql -uroot -p$DATABASE_PASSWORD -h127.0.0.1 -e "GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO '$DATABASE_USER'@'%' identified by '$DATABASE_PASSWORD';" # Now update ``my.cnf`` for some local needs and restart the mysql service # Change bind-address from localhost (127.0.0.1) to any (::) and # set default db type to InnoDB iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld bind-address "$SERVICE_LISTEN_ADDRESS" iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld sql_mode TRADITIONAL iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld default-storage-engine InnoDB # the number of connections has been throttled to 256. In the # event that the gate jobs report "Too many connections" it is # indicative of a problem that could be the result of one of many # things. For more details about debugging this error, refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/too-many-connections.html. # Note that the problem may not ONLY be an issue with MySQL # connections. If the number of fd's at the OS is too low, you # could see errors manifest as MySQL "too many connections". iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld max_connections 256 iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld query_cache_type OFF iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld query_cache_size 0 # Additional settings to put MySQL on a memory diet. These # settings are used in conjunction with the cap on max_connections # as the total memory used by MySQL can be simply viewed as # fixed-allocations + max_connections * variable-allocations. A # nifty tool to help with this is # http://www.mysqlcalculator.com/. A short description of each of # the settings follows. # binlog_cache_size, determines the size of cache to hold changes # to the binary log during a transaction, for each connection. For # more details, refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/replication-options-binary-log.html#sysvar_binlog_cache_size # When binary logging is enabled, a smaller binlog cache could # result in more frequent flushes to the disk and a larger value # would result in less flushes to the disk but higher memory # usage. This however only has to do with large transactions; if # you have a small transaction the binlog cache is necessarily # flushed on a transaction commit. This is a per-connection cache. iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld binlog_cache_size 4K # binlog_stmt_cache_size determines the size of cache to hold non # transactional statements in the binary log. For more details, # refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/replication-options-binary-log.html#sysvar_binlog_stmt_cache_size # This cache holds changes to non-transactional tables (read: # MyISAM) or any non-transactional statements which cause # modifications to data (truncate is an example). These are # written to disk immediately on completion of the statement or # when the cache is full. If the cache is too small, you get # frequent writes to the disk (flush) and if the cache is too # large, it takes up more memory. This is a per-connection cache. iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld binlog_stmt_cache_size 4K # bulk_insert_buffer_size for MyISAM tables that use a special # cache for insert statements and load statements, this cache is # used to optimize writes to the disk. If the value is set to 0, # the optimization is disabled. For more details refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_bulk_insert_buffer_size # We set this to 0 which could result in higher disk I/O (I/O on # each insert block completion). iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld bulk_insert_buffer_size 0 # host_cache_size controls a DNS lookup optimization. For more # details refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/host-cache.html iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld host_cache_size 0 # innodb_buffer_pool_size This is the size of the server wide # buffer pool. It is the cache for all data blocks being used by # the server and is managed as a LRU chain. Dirty blocks either # age off the list or are forced off when the list is # full. Setting this to 5MB (default 128MB) reduces the amount of # memory used by the server and this will result in more disk I/O # in cases where (a) there is considerable write activity that # overwhelms the allocated cache, or (b) there is considerable # read activity on a data set that exceeds the allocated # cache. For more details, refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_buffer_pool_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld innodb_buffer_pool_size 5M # innodb_ft_cache_size and innodb_ft_total_cache_size control the # per-connection full text search cache and the server wide # maximum full text search cache. We should not be using full text # search and the value is set to the minimum allowable. The former # is a per-connection cache size and the latter is server # wide. For more details, refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_ft_cache_size # and # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_ft_total_cache_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld innodb_ft_cache_size 1600000 iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld innodb_ft_total_cache_size 32000000 # innodb_log_buffer_size This buffer is used to buffer # transactions in-memory before writing them to the innodb # internal transaction log. Large transactions, or high amounts of # concurrency, will cause the system to fill this faster and thus # make the system more disk-bound. For more details, refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_log_buffer_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld innodb_log_buffer_size 256K # innodb_sort_buffer_size, This buffer is used for sorting when # InnoDB is creating indexes. Could cause that to be slower, but # only if tables are large. This is a per-connection setting. For # more details, refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_sort_buffer_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld innodb_sort_buffer_size 64K # join_buffer_size, This buffer makes table and index scans # faster. So this setting could make some queries more disk # bound. This is a per-connection setting. For more details refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_join_buffer_size. iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld join_buffer_size 128 # key_buffer_size defines the index blocks used for MyISAM tables # and shared between threads. This is a server wide setting. For # more details see # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_key_buffer_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld key_buffer_size 8 # max_heap_table_size sets the maximum amount of memory for MEMORY # tables (which we don't use). The value is set to 16k, the # minimum allowed. For more details, see # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_max_heap_table_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld max_heap_table_size 16K # net_buffer_length Each client has a buffer for incoming and # outgoing data, both start with a size of net_buffer_length and # can grow (in steps of 2x) upto a size of max_allowed_packet. For # more details see # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_net_buffer_length iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld net_buffer_length 1K # read_buffer_size, read_rnd_buffer_size are per-thread buffer # used for scans on MyISAM tables. It is a per-connection setting # and so we set it to the minimum value allowable. Same for # read_rnd_buffer_size. For more details refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_read_buffer_size # and # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_read_rnd_buffer_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld read_buffer_size 8200 iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld read_rnd_buffer_size 8200 # sort_buffer_size when a sort is requested, it will be performed # in memory in a buffer of this size (allocated per connection) # and if the data exceeds this size it will spill to disk. The # innodb and myisam variables are used in computing indices for # tables using the specified storage engine. Since we don't # dynamically reindex (except during upgrade) these values should # never be material. Obviously performance of disk based sorts is # worse than in memory sorts and therefore a high value here will # improve sort performance for large data. For more details, # refer: # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_sort_buffer_size # and # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/innodb-parameters.html#sysvar_innodb_sort_buffer_size # and # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_myisam_sort_buffer_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld sort_buffer_size 32K iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld innodb_sort_buffer_size 64K iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld myisam_sort_buffer_size 4K # thread_cache_size specifies how many internal threads to cache # for use with incoming connections. We set this to 0 whic means # that each connection will cause a new thread to be created. This # could cause connections to take marginally longer on os'es with # slow pthread_create calls. For more details, refer # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_thread_cache_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld thread_cache_size 0 # thread_stack is the per connection stack size, the minimum is # 128k and the default is 192k on 32bit and 256k on 64bit # systems. We set this to 192k. Complex queries which require # recursion, stored procedures or other memory intensive # operations could exhaust this and generate a very characteristic # failure ("stack overflow") which is cleanly detected and the # query is killed. For more details see # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_thread_stack iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld thread_stack 196608 # tmp_table_size is the maximum size of an in-memory temporary # table. Temporary tables are created by MySQL as part of a # multi-step query plan. The actual size of the temp table will be # the lesser of tmp_table_size and max_heap_table_size. If a # temporary table exceeds this size, it will be spooled to disk # using the internal_tmp_disk_storage_engine (default # MyISAM). Queries that often generate in-memory temporary tables # include queries that have sorts, distinct, or group by # operations, also queries that perform IN joins. For more details # see # https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-system-variables.html#sysvar_tmp_table_size iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld tmp_table_size 1K if [[ "$DATABASE_QUERY_LOGGING" == "True" ]]; then echo_summary "Enabling MySQL query logging" if is_fedora; then slow_log=/var/log/mariadb/mariadb-slow.log else slow_log=/var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log fi sudo sed -e '/log.slow.queries/d' \ -e '/long.query.time/d' \ -e '/log.queries.not.using.indexes/d' \ -i $my_conf # Turn on slow query log, log all queries (any query taking longer than # 0 seconds) and log all non-indexed queries iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld slow-query-log 1 iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld slow-query-log-file $slow_log iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld long-query-time 0 iniset -sudo $my_conf mysqld log-queries-not-using-indexes 1 fi restart_service $mysql } function install_database_mysql { if is_ubuntu; then # Seed configuration with mysql password so that apt-get install doesn't # prompt us for a password upon install. sudo debconf-set-selections <<MYSQL_PRESEED mysql-server mysql-server/root_password password $DATABASE_PASSWORD mysql-server mysql-server/root_password_again password $DATABASE_PASSWORD mysql-server mysql-server/start_on_boot boolean true MYSQL_PRESEED fi # while ``.my.cnf`` is not needed for OpenStack to function, it is useful # as it allows you to access the mysql databases via ``mysql nova`` instead # of having to specify the username/password each time. if [[ ! -e $HOME/.my.cnf ]]; then cat <<EOF >$HOME/.my.cnf [client] user=$DATABASE_USER password=$DATABASE_PASSWORD host=$MYSQL_HOST EOF chmod 0600 $HOME/.my.cnf fi # Install mysql-server if is_suse || is_oraclelinux; then if ! is_package_installed mariadb; then install_package mysql-community-server fi elif is_fedora; then install_package mariadb-server sudo systemctl enable mariadb elif is_ubuntu; then install_package mysql-server else exit_distro_not_supported "mysql installation" fi } function install_database_python_mysql { # Install Python client module pip_install_gr $MYSQL_DRIVER if [[ "$MYSQL_DRIVER" == "MySQL-python" ]]; then ADDITIONAL_VENV_PACKAGES+=",MySQL-python" elif [[ "$MYSQL_DRIVER" == "PyMySQL" ]]; then ADDITIONAL_VENV_PACKAGES+=",PyMySQL" fi } function database_connection_url_mysql { local db=$1 echo "$BASE_SQL_CONN/$db?charset=utf8" } # Restore xtrace $_XTRACE_DB_MYSQL # Local variables: # mode: shell-script # End: