`DevStack `__ - `Overview <../overview.html>`__ - `Changes <../changes.html>`__ - `FAQ <../faq.html>`__ - `git.openstack.org `__ - `Gerrit `__ Multi-Node Lab: Serious Stuff ============================= Here is OpenStack in a realistic test configuration with multiple physical servers. Prerequisites Linux & Network ----------------------------- Minimal Install ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ You need to have a system with a fresh install of Linux. You can download the `Minimal CD `__ for Ubuntu releases since DevStack will download & install all the additional dependencies. The netinstall ISO is available for `Fedora `__ and `CentOS/RHEL `__. Install a couple of packages to bootstrap configuration: :: apt-get install -y git sudo || yum install -y git sudo Network Configuration ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The first iteration of the lab uses OpenStack's FlatDHCP network controller so only a single network will be required. It should be on its own subnet without DHCP; the host IPs and floating IP pool(s) will come out of this block. This example uses the following: - Gateway: 192.168.42.1 - Physical nodes: 192.168.42.11-192.168.42.99 - Floating IPs: 192.168.42.128-192.168.42.254 Configure each node with a static IP. For Ubuntu edit ``/etc/network/interfaces``: :: auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 192.168.42.11 netmask 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.42.1 For Fedora and CentOS/RHEL edit ``/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0``: :: BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.42.11 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 GATEWAY=192.168.42.1 Installation shake and bake --------------------------- Add the DevStack User ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ OpenStack runs as a non-root user that has sudo access to root. There is nothing special about the name, we'll use ``stack`` here. Every node must use the same name and preferably uid. If you created a user during the OS install you can use it and give it sudo privileges below. Otherwise create the stack user: :: groupadd stack useradd -g stack -s /bin/bash -d /opt/stack -m stack This user will be making many changes to your system during installation and operation so it needs to have sudo privileges to root without a password: :: echo "stack ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL" >> /etc/sudoers From here on use the ``stack`` user. **Logout** and **login** as the ``stack`` user. Set Up Ssh ~~~~~~~~~~ Set up the stack user on each node with an ssh key for access: :: mkdir ~/.ssh; chmod 700 ~/.ssh echo "ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCyYjfgyPazTvGpd8OaAvtU2utL8W6gWC4JdRS1J95GhNNfQd657yO6s1AH5KYQWktcE6FO/xNUC2reEXSGC7ezy+sGO1kj9Limv5vrvNHvF1+wts0Cmyx61D2nQw35/Qz8BvpdJANL7VwP/cFI/p3yhvx2lsnjFE3hN8xRB2LtLUopUSVdBwACOVUmH2G+2BWMJDjVINd2DPqRIA4Zhy09KJ3O1Joabr0XpQL0yt/I9x8BVHdAx6l9U0tMg9dj5+tAjZvMAFfye3PJcYwwsfJoFxC8w/SLtqlFX7Ehw++8RtvomvuipLdmWCy+T9hIkl+gHYE4cS3OIqXH7f49jdJf jesse@spacey.local" > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys Download DevStack ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Grab the latest version of DevStack: :: git clone https://git.openstack.org/openstack-dev/devstack cd devstack Up to this point all of the steps apply to each node in the cluster. From here on there are some differences between the cluster controller (aka 'head node') and the compute nodes. Configure Cluster Controller ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The cluster controller runs all OpenStack services. Configure the cluster controller's DevStack in ``local.conf``: :: [[local|localrc]] HOST_IP=192.168.42.11 FLAT_INTERFACE=eth0 FIXED_RANGE=10.4.128.0/20 FIXED_NETWORK_SIZE=4096 FLOATING_RANGE=192.168.42.128/25 MULTI_HOST=1 LOGFILE=/opt/stack/logs/stack.sh.log ADMIN_PASSWORD=labstack MYSQL_PASSWORD=supersecret RABBIT_PASSWORD=supersecrete SERVICE_PASSWORD=supersecrete SERVICE_TOKEN=xyzpdqlazydog In the multi-node configuration the first 10 or so IPs in the private subnet are usually reserved. Add this to ``local.sh`` to have it run after every ``stack.sh`` run: :: for i in `seq 2 10`; do /opt/stack/nova/bin/nova-manage fixed reserve 10.4.128.$i; done Fire up OpenStack: :: ./stack.sh A stream of activity ensues. When complete you will see a summary of ``stack.sh``'s work, including the relevant URLs, accounts and passwords to poke at your shiny new OpenStack. The most recent log file is available in ``stack.sh.log``. Configure Compute Nodes ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The compute nodes only run the OpenStack worker services. For additional machines, create a ``local.conf`` with: :: HOST_IP=192.168.42.12 # change this per compute node FLAT_INTERFACE=eth0 FIXED_RANGE=10.4.128.0/20 FIXED_NETWORK_SIZE=4096 FLOATING_RANGE=192.168.42.128/25 MULTI_HOST=1 LOGFILE=/opt/stack/logs/stack.sh.log ADMIN_PASSWORD=labstack MYSQL_PASSWORD=supersecret RABBIT_PASSWORD=supersecrete SERVICE_PASSWORD=supersecrete SERVICE_TOKEN=xyzpdqlazydog DATABASE_TYPE=mysql SERVICE_HOST=192.168.42.11 MYSQL_HOST=192.168.42.11 RABBIT_HOST=192.168.42.11 GLANCE_HOSTPORT=192.168.42.11:9292 ENABLED_SERVICES=n-cpu,n-net,n-api,c-sch,c-api,c-vol NOVA_VNC_ENABLED=True NOVNCPROXY_URL="http://192.168.42.11:6080/vnc_auto.html" VNCSERVER_LISTEN=$HOST_IP VNCSERVER_PROXYCLIENT_ADDRESS=$VNCSERVER_LISTEN Fire up OpenStack: :: ./stack.sh A stream of activity ensues. When complete you will see a summary of ``stack.sh``'s work, including the relevant URLs, accounts and passwords to poke at your shiny new OpenStack. The most recent log file is available in ``stack.sh.log``. Cleaning Up After DevStack ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Shutting down OpenStack is now as simple as running the included ``unstack.sh`` script: :: ./unstack.sh A more aggressive cleanup can be performed using ``clean.sh``. It removes certain troublesome packages and attempts to leave the system in a state where changing the database or queue manager can be reliably performed. :: ./clean.sh Sometimes running instances are not cleaned up. DevStack attempts to do this when it runs but there are times it needs to still be done by hand: :: sudo rm -rf /etc/libvirt/qemu/inst* sudo virsh list | grep inst | awk '{print $1}' | xargs -n1 virsh destroy Options pimp your stack ----------------------- Additional Users ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DevStack creates two OpenStack users (``admin`` and ``demo``) and two tenants (also ``admin`` and ``demo``). ``admin`` is exactly what it sounds like, a privileged administrative account that is a member of both the ``admin`` and ``demo`` tenants. ``demo`` is a normal user account that is only a member of the ``demo`` tenant. Creating additional OpenStack users can be done through the dashboard, sometimes it is easier to do them in bulk from a script, especially since they get blown away every time ``stack.sh`` runs. The following steps are ripe for scripting: :: # Get admin creds . openrc admin admin # List existing tenants keystone tenant-list # List existing users keystone user-list # Add a user and tenant NAME=bob PASSWORD=BigSecrete TENANT=$NAME keystone tenant-create --name=$NAME keystone user-create --name=$NAME --pass=$PASSWORD keystone user-role-add --user-id= --tenant-id= --role-id= # member-role-id comes from the existing member role created by stack.sh # keystone role-list Swift ~~~~~ Swift requires a significant amount of resources and is disabled by default in DevStack. The support in DevStack is geared toward a minimal installation but can be used for testing. To implement a true multi-node test of Swift required more than DevStack provides. Enabling it is as simple as enabling the ``swift`` service in ``local.conf``: :: enable_service s-proxy s-object s-container s-account Swift will put its data files in ``SWIFT_DATA_DIR`` (default ``/opt/stack/data/swift``). The size of the data 'partition' created (really a loop-mounted file) is set by ``SWIFT_LOOPBACK_DISK_SIZE``. The Swift config files are located in ``SWIFT_CONFIG_DIR`` (default ``/etc/swift``). All of these settings can be overridden in (wait for it...) ``local.conf``. Volumes ~~~~~~~ DevStack will automatically use an existing LVM volume group named ``stack-volumes`` to store cloud-created volumes. If ``stack-volumes`` doesn't exist, DevStack will set up a 5Gb loop-mounted file to contain it. This obviously limits the number and size of volumes that can be created inside OpenStack. The size can be overridden by setting ``VOLUME_BACKING_FILE_SIZE`` in ``local.conf``. ``stack-volumes`` can be pre-created on any physical volume supported by Linux's LVM. The name of the volume group can be changed by setting ``VOLUME_GROUP`` in ``localrc``. ``stack.sh`` deletes all logical volumes in ``VOLUME_GROUP`` that begin with ``VOLUME_NAME_PREFIX`` as part of cleaning up from previous runs. It is recommended to not use the root volume group as ``VOLUME_GROUP``. The details of creating the volume group depends on the server hardware involved but looks something like this: :: pvcreate /dev/sdc vgcreate stack-volumes /dev/sdc Syslog ~~~~~~ DevStack is capable of using ``rsyslog`` to aggregate logging across the cluster. It is off by default; to turn it on set ``SYSLOG=True`` in ``local.conf``. ``SYSLOG_HOST`` defaults to ``HOST_IP``; on the compute nodes it must be set to the IP of the cluster controller to send syslog output there. In the example above, add this to the compute node ``local.conf``: :: SYSLOG_HOST=192.168.42.11 Using Alternate Repositories/Branches ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The git repositories for all of the OpenStack services are defined in ``stackrc``. Since this file is a part of the DevStack package changes to it will probably be overwritten as updates are applied. Every setting in ``stackrc`` can be redefined in ``local.conf``. To change the repository or branch that a particular OpenStack service is created from, simply change the value of ``*_REPO`` or ``*_BRANCH`` corresponding to that service. After making changes to the repository or branch, if ``RECLONE`` is not set in ``localrc`` it may be necessary to remove the corresponding directory from ``/opt/stack`` to force git to re-clone the repository. For example, to pull Nova from a proposed release candidate in the primary Nova repository: :: NOVA_BRANCH=rc-proposed To pull Glance from an experimental fork: :: GLANCE_BRANCH=try-something-big GLANCE_REPO=https://github.com/mcuser/glance.git Notes stuff you might need to know ---------------------------------- Reset the Bridge ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ How to reset the bridge configuration: :: sudo brctl delif br100 eth0.926 sudo ip link set dev br100 down sudo brctl delbr br100 Set MySQL Password ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ If you forgot to set the root password you can do this: :: mysqladmin -u root -pnova password 'supersecret'