Arch Design edits
Many minor edits: Improve markup, follow conventions, add glossary items, fix capitalization,... Change-Id: I85693ef2d2c617327c707d13ffd5f05b4d97d1d7
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launches a public cloud instance.</para>
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launches a public cloud instance.</para>
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<para>There are commercially available options, such as
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<para>There are commercially available options, such as
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Rightscale, and open source options, such as ManageIQ
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Rightscale, and open source options, such as ManageIQ
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(http://manageiq.org/), but there is no single CMP that can
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(<link xlink:href="http://manageiq.org/">http://manageiq.org</link>),
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but there is no single CMP that can
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address all needs in all scenarios. Whereas most of the
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address all needs in all scenarios. Whereas most of the
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sections of this book talk about the aspects of OpenStack, an
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sections of this book talk about the aspects of OpenStack, an
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architect needs to consider when designing an OpenStack
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architect needs to consider when designing an OpenStack
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@ -376,7 +376,8 @@
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<para>Also consider several specialized components:</para>
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<para>Also consider several specialized components:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Orchestration module (heat)</para>
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<para><glossterm>Orchestration</glossterm> module
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(<glossterm>heat</glossterm>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>It is safe to assume that, given the nature of the
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<para>It is safe to assume that, given the nature of the
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@ -730,7 +730,8 @@
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certain components that will always be present, (Compute and
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certain components that will always be present, (Compute and
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Image Service, for example) there are other services that may not be
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Image Service, for example) there are other services that may not be
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required. As an example, a certain design might not need
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required. As an example, a certain design might not need
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Orchestration. Omitting Orchestration would not have a significant
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<glossterm>Orchestration</glossterm>. Omitting
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Orchestration would not have a significant
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impact on the overall design of a cloud; however, if the
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impact on the overall design of a cloud; however, if the
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architecture uses a replacement for OpenStack Object Storage for its
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architecture uses a replacement for OpenStack Object Storage for its
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storage component, it could potentially have significant
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storage component, it could potentially have significant
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@ -89,7 +89,9 @@
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<para>There is also a potential to leverage the Orchestration and
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<para>There is also a potential to leverage the Orchestration and
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Telemetry modules to provide an auto-scaling,
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Telemetry modules to provide an auto-scaling,
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orchestrated web application environment. Defining the web
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orchestrated web application environment. Defining the web
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applications in Heat Orchestration Templates (HOT) would
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applications in <glossterm
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baseform="Heat Orchestration Template (HOT)">Heat Orchestration Templates (HOT)</glossterm>
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would
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negate the reliance on the scripted Puppet solution currently
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negate the reliance on the scripted Puppet solution currently
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employed.</para>
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employed.</para>
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<para>OpenStack Networking can be used to control hardware load
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<para>OpenStack Networking can be used to control hardware load
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@ -131,7 +131,7 @@
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cloud, the next design choice which will affect your design is
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cloud, the next design choice which will affect your design is
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the choice of network service which will be used to service
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the choice of network service which will be used to service
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instances in the cloud. The choice between legacy networking (nova-network), as a
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instances in the cloud. The choice between legacy networking (nova-network), as a
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part of OpenStack Compute Service, and OpenStack Networking
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part of OpenStack Compute, and OpenStack Networking
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(neutron), has tremendous implications and will have
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(neutron), has tremendous implications and will have
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a huge impact on the architecture and design of the cloud
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a huge impact on the architecture and design of the cloud
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network infrastructure.</para>
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network infrastructure.</para>
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@ -313,7 +313,7 @@
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the distribution vendor's OpenStack packages might be a
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the distribution vendor's OpenStack packages might be a
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requirement for support).</para>
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requirement for support).</para>
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<para>OS selection also directly influences hypervisor selection.
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<para>OS selection also directly influences hypervisor selection.
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A cloud architect who selects Ubuntu or RHEL has some
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A cloud architect who selects Ubuntu, RHEL, or SLES has some
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flexibility in hypervisor; KVM, Xen, and LXC are supported
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flexibility in hypervisor; KVM, Xen, and LXC are supported
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virtualization methods available under OpenStack Compute
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virtualization methods available under OpenStack Compute
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(nova) on these Linux distributions. A cloud architect who
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(nova) on these Linux distributions. A cloud architect who
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@ -321,25 +321,35 @@
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Server. Similarly, a cloud architect who selects XenServer is
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Server. Similarly, a cloud architect who selects XenServer is
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limited to the CentOS-based dom0 operating system provided
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limited to the CentOS-based dom0 operating system provided
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with XenServer.</para>
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with XenServer.</para>
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<para>The primary factors that play into OS/hypervisor selection
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<para>The primary factors that play into OS-hypervisor selection
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include:</para>
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include:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<variablelist>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>User requirements</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>User requirements: The selection of OS/hypervisor
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<para>The selection of OS-hypervisor
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combination first and foremost needs to support the
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combination first and foremost needs to support the
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user requirements.</para>
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user requirements.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Support</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Support: The selected OS/hypervisor combination
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<para>The selected OS-hypervisor combination
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needs to be supported by OpenStack.</para>
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needs to be supported by OpenStack.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</varlistentry>
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<varlistentry>
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<term>Interoperability</term>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Interoperability: The OS/hypervisor needs to be
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<para>The OS-hypervisor needs to be
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interoperable with other features and services in the
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interoperable with other features and services in the
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OpenStack design in order to meet the user
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OpenStack design in order to meet the user
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requirements.</para>
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requirements.</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist></section>
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</varlistentry>
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</variablelist>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="hypervisor-tech-considerations">
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<section xml:id="hypervisor-tech-considerations">
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<title>Hypervisor</title>
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<title>Hypervisor</title>
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<para>OpenStack supports a wide variety of hypervisors, one or
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<para>OpenStack supports a wide variety of hypervisors, one or
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@ -347,7 +357,7 @@
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include:</para>
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include:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>KVM (and Qemu)</para>
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<para>KVM (and QEMU)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>XCP/XenServer</para>
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<para>XCP/XenServer</para>
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in a general purpose cloud are:</para>
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in a general purpose cloud are:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>OpenStack Compute (nova)</para>
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<para>OpenStack <glossterm>Compute</glossterm>
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(<glossterm>nova</glossterm>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>OpenStack Networking (neutron)</para>
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<para>OpenStack <glossterm>Networking</glossterm>
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(<glossterm>neutron</glossterm>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>OpenStack Image Service (glance)</para>
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<para>OpenStack <glossterm>Image Service</glossterm>
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(<glossterm>glance</glossterm>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>OpenStack Identity (keystone)</para>
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<para>OpenStack <glossterm>Identity</glossterm>
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(<glossterm>keystone</glossterm>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>OpenStack dashboard (horizon)</para>
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<para>OpenStack <glossterm>dashboard</glossterm>
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(<glossterm>horizon</glossterm>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Telemetry module (ceilometer)</para>
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<para><glossterm>Telemetry</glossterm> module
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(<glossterm>ceilometer</glossterm>)</para>
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</listitem>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>A general purpose cloud may also include OpenStack Object
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<para>A general purpose cloud may also include OpenStack
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Storage (swift). OpenStack Block Storage (cinder) may be
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<glossterm>Object Storage</glossterm> (<glossterm>swift</glossterm>).
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OpenStack <glossterm>Block Storage</glossterm>
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(<glossterm>cinder</glossterm>) may be
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selected to provide persistent storage to applications and
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selected to provide persistent storage to applications and
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instances although, depending on the use case, this could be
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instances although, depending on the use case, this could be
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optional.</para></section>
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optional.</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="supplemental-software-tech-considerations">
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<section xml:id="supplemental-software-tech-considerations">
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<title>Supplemental software</title>
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<title>Supplemental software</title>
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<para>A general purpose OpenStack deployment consists of more than
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<para>A general purpose OpenStack deployment consists of more than
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implementations are also made highly available. This high
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implementations are also made highly available. This high
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availability can be achieved by using software such as
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availability can be achieved by using software such as
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Keepalived or Pacemaker with Corosync. Pacemaker and Corosync
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Keepalived or Pacemaker with Corosync. Pacemaker and Corosync
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can provide Active-Active or Active-Passive highly available
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can provide active-active or active-passive highly available
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configuration depending on the specific service in the
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configuration depending on the specific service in the
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OpenStack environment. Using this software can affect the
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OpenStack environment. Using this software can affect the
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design as it assumes at least a 2-node controller
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design as it assumes at least a 2-node controller
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<?dbhtml stop-chunking?>
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<?dbhtml stop-chunking?>
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<title>User requirements</title>
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<title>User requirements</title>
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<para>The general purpose cloud is built following the
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<para>The general purpose cloud is built following the
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Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) model; as a platform best
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<glossterm baseform="IaaS">Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS)</glossterm>
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model; as a platform best
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suited for use cases with simple requirements. The general
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suited for use cases with simple requirements. The general
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purpose cloud user requirements themselves are typically not
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purpose cloud user requirements themselves are typically not
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complex. However, it is still important to capture them even
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complex. However, it is still important to capture them even
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if the project has minimum business and technical requirements
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if the project has minimum business and technical requirements
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such as a Proof of Concept (PoC) or a small lab
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such as a proof of concept (PoC) or a small lab
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platform.</para>
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platform.</para>
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<para>These user considerations are written from the perspective
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<para>These user considerations are written from the perspective
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of the organization that is building the cloud, not from the
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of the organization that is building the cloud, not from the
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<title>How this book is organized</title>
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<title>How this book is organized</title>
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<para>This book has been organized into various chapters that help
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<para>This book has been organized into various chapters that help
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define the use cases associated with making architectural
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define the use cases associated with making architectural
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choices related to an OpenStack cloud installation. Each
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choices related to an <glossterm>OpenStack</glossterm> cloud
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installation. Each
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chapter is intended to stand alone to encourage individual
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chapter is intended to stand alone to encourage individual
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chapter readability, however each chapter is designed to
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chapter readability, however each chapter is designed to
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contain useful information that may be applicable in
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contain useful information that may be applicable in
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