You must authenticate against an OpenStack endpoint before you can use OpenStack services. Each project uses a slightly different syntax for doing authentication. You must typically authenticate against a specific version of a service. For example, a client might need to authenticate against the Identity Service v2.0. Python scripts that use the OpenStack SDK must have access to the credentials contained in the OpenStack RC file. Because credentials are sensitive information, do not include them in your scripts. This guide assumes that users source the openrc.sh file and access the credentials by using the environment variables in the Python scripts.