openstack-manuals/doc/install-guide/section_basics-security.xml

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  xml:id="basics-security">
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  <title>Security</title>
  <para>OpenStack services support various security methods
    including password, policy, and encryption. Additionally,
    supporting services including the database server and
    message broker support at least password security.</para>
  <para>To ease the installation process, this guide only
    covers password security where applicable. You can create
    secure passwords manually, generate them using a tool such as
    <link xlink:href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/pwgen/">pwgen</link>,
    or by running the following command:</para>
  <screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>openssl rand -hex 10</userinput></screen>
  <para>For OpenStack services, this guide uses
    <replaceable>SERVICE_PASS</replaceable> to reference
    service account passwords and
    <replaceable>SERVICE_DBPASS</replaceable> to reference
    database passwords.</para>
  <para>The following table provides a list of services that require
    passwords and their associated references in the guide:
   <table rules="all">
     <caption>Passwords</caption>
     <thead>
       <tr>
         <th>Password name</th>
         <th>Description</th>
       </tr>
     </thead>
     <tbody>
       <tr>
         <td>Database password (no variable used)</td>
         <td>Root password for the database</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>RABBIT_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of user guest of RabbitMQ</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>KEYSTONE_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password of Identity service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>DEMO_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of user <literal>demo</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>ADMIN_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of user <literal>admin</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>GLANCE_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password for Image Service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>GLANCE_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of Image Service user <literal>glance</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>NOVA_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password for Compute service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>NOVA_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of Compute service user <literal>nova</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>DASH_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password for the dashboard</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>CINDER_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password for the Block Storage service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>CINDER_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of Block Storage service user <literal>cinder</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>NEUTRON_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password for the Networking service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>NEUTRON_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of Networking service user <literal>neutron</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>HEAT_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password for the Orchestration service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>HEAT_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of Orchestration service user <literal>heat</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>CEILOMETER_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password for the Telemetry service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>CEILOMETER_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of Telemetry service user <literal>ceilometer</literal></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>TROVE_DBPASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Database password of Database service</td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
         <td><literal><replaceable>TROVE_PASS</replaceable></literal></td>
         <td>Password of Database Service user <literal>trove</literal></td>
       </tr>
     </tbody>
   </table>
  </para>
  <para>OpenStack and supporting services require administrative
    privileges during installation and operation. In some cases,
    services perform modifications to the host that can interfere
    with deployment automation tools such as Ansible, Chef, and
    Puppet. For example, some OpenStack services add a root
    wrapper to <literal>sudo</literal> that can interfere with
    security policies. See the
    <link xlink:href="http://docs.openstack.org/admin-guide-cloud/content/root-wrap-reference.html">Cloud Administrator Guide</link>
    for more information. Also, the Networking service assumes
    default values for kernel network parameters and modifies
    firewall rules. To avoid most issues during your initial
    installation, we recommend using a stock deployment of a
    supported distribution on your hosts. However, if you choose
    to automate deployment of your hosts, review the configuration
    and policies applied to them before proceeding further.</para>
</section>