295 lines
13 KiB
XML
295 lines
13 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
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version="5.0"
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xml:id="Launching_Instances_using_Dashboard">
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<title>Configure access and security for instances</title>
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<?dbhtml stop-chunking?>
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<para>Before you launch an instance, you should add security group rules to
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enable users to ping and use SSH to connect to the instance. Security
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groups are sets of IP filter rules that define networking access and are
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applied to all instances within a project. To do so, you either <link
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linkend="security_groups_add_rule">add rules to the default
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security group</link> or add a new security group with rules.</para>
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<para>Key pairs are SSH credentials that are injected into an
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instance when it is launched. To use key pair injection, the
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image that the instance is based on must contain the
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<literal>cloud-init</literal> package. Each project should
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have at least one key pair. For more information, see <xref
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linkend="keypair_add"/>.</para>
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<para>If you have generated a key pair with an external tool, you
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can import it into OpenStack. The key pair can be used for
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multiple instances that belong to a project. For more
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information, see <xref linkend="dashboard_import_keypair"
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/>.</para>
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<para>When an instance is created in OpenStack, it is automatically
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assigned a fixed IP address in the network to which the
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instance is assigned. This IP address is permanently
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associated with the instance until the instance is terminated.
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However, in addition to the fixed IP address, a floating IP
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address can also be attached to an instance. Unlike fixed IP
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addresses, floating IP addresses are able to have their
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associations modified at any time, regardless of the state of
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the instances involved.</para>
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<section xml:id="security_groups_add_rule">
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<title>Add a rule to the default security group</title>
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<para>This procedure enables SSH and ICMP (ping) access to
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instances. The rules apply to all instances within a given
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project, and should be set for every project unless there
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is a reason to prohibit SSH or ICMP access to the
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instances.</para>
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<para>This procedure can be adjusted as necessary to add
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additional security group rules to a project, if your
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cloud requires them.</para>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Log in to the dashboard, choose a project, and
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click <guilabel>Access & Security</guilabel>.
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The <guilabel>Security Groups</guilabel> tab shows
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the security groups that are available for this
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project.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Select the <guilabel>default</guilabel> security
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group and click <guibutton>Edit
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Rules</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>To allow SSH access, click <guibutton>Add
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Rule</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>In the Add Rule dialog box, enter the following
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values:</para>
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<informaltable rules="all" width="75%">
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<col width="50%"/>
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<col width="50%"/>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><para><guilabel>Rule</guilabel></para></td>
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<td>
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<para><literal>SSH</literal></para></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<para><guilabel>Remote</guilabel>
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</para></td>
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<td>
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<para><literal>CIDR</literal></para></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td>
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<para><guilabel>CIDR</guilabel></para></td>
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<td>
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<para><literal>0.0.0.0/0</literal></para>
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</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</informaltable>
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<note>
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<para>To accept requests from a particular range
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of IP addresses, specify the IP address block
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in the <guilabel>CIDR</guilabel> box.</para>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click <guibutton>Add</guibutton>.</para>
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<para>Instances will now have SSH port 22 open for
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requests from any IP address.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>To add an ICMP rule, click <guibutton>Add
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Rule</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>In the Add Rule dialog box, enter the following
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values:</para>
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<informaltable rules="all" width="75%">
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<col width="50%"/>
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<col width="50%"/>
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<tr>
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<td><para><guilabel>Rule</guilabel></para></td>
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<td><para><literal>All ICMP</literal></para></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><para><guilabel>Direction</guilabel></para></td>
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<td><para><literal>Ingress</literal></para></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><para><guilabel>Remote</guilabel></para></td>
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<td><para><literal>CIDR</literal></para></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><para><guilabel>CIDR</guilabel></para></td>
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<td><para><literal>0.0.0.0/0</literal></para></td>
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</tr>
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</informaltable>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click <guibutton>Add</guibutton>.</para>
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<para>Instances will now accept all incoming ICMP
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packets.</para>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="keypair_add">
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<title>Add a key pair</title>
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<para>Create at least one key pair for each project.</para>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Log in to the dashboard, choose a project, and
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click <guilabel>Access &
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Security</guilabel>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click the <guilabel>Keypairs</guilabel> tab,
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which shows the key pairs that are available for
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this project.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click <guibutton>Create
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Keypair</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>In the Create Keypair
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dialog box, enter a name for your key pair, and
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click <guibutton>Create
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Keypair</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Respond to the prompt to download the key
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pair.</para>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="dashboard_import_keypair">
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<title>Import a key pair</title>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Log in to the dashboard, choose a project, and
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click <guilabel>Access &
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Security</guilabel>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click the <guilabel>Keypairs</guilabel> tab,
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which shows the key pairs that are available for
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this project.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click <guibutton>Import
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Keypair</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>In the Import Keypair
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dialog box, enter the name of your key pair, copy
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the public key into the <guilabel>Public
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Key</guilabel> box, and then click
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<guibutton>Import Keypair</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Save the <filename>*.pem</filename> file
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locally.</para></step>
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<step><para>To change its permissions so that only
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you can read and write to the file, run the
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following command:</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>chmod 0600 <replaceable>yourPrivateKey</replaceable>.pem</userinput></screen>
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<note>
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<para>If you are using the dashboard from a
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Windows computer, use PuTTYgen to load the
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<filename>*.pem</filename> file and
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convert and save it as
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<filename>*.ppk</filename>. For more
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information see the <link
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xlink:href="http://winscp.net/eng/docs/ui_puttygen"
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>WinSCP web page for
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PuTTYgen</link>.</para>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>To make the key pair known to SSH, run the
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<command>ssh-add</command> command.</para>
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<screen><prompt>$</prompt> <userinput>ssh-add <replaceable>yourPrivateKey</replaceable>.pem</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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<para>The Compute database registers the public key of the key
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pair.</para>
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<para>The dashboard lists the key pair on the <guilabel>Access
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& Security</guilabel> tab.</para>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="add_floating_ip">
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<title>Allocate a floating IP address to an instance</title>
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<para>When an instance is created in OpenStack, it is
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automatically assigned a fixed IP address in the network to
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which the instance is assigned. This IP address is
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permanently associated with the instance until the instance
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is terminated.
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</para>
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<para>However, in addition to the fixed IP address, a floating
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IP address can also be attached to an instance. Unlike
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fixed IP addresses, floating IP addresses can have their
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associations modified at any time, regardless of the state
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of the instances involved. This procedure details the
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reservation of a floating IP address from an existing pool
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of addresses and the association of that address with a
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specific instance.</para>
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<procedure>
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<step>
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<para>Log in to the dashboard, choose a project, and click
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<guilabel>Access & Security</guilabel>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click the <guilabel>Floating IPs</guilabel> tab,
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which shows the floating IP addresses allocated to
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instances.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click <guibutton>Allocate IP to Project</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Choose the pool from which to pick the IP
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address.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click <guibutton>Allocate IP</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>In the <guilabel>Floating IPs</guilabel> list, click
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<guibutton> Associate</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>In the Manage Floating IP
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Associations dialog box, choose the
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following options: <itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>The <guilabel>IP Address</guilabel>
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field is filled automatically, but you
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can add a new IP address by clicking
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the <guibutton>+</guibutton>
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button.</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>In the <guilabel>Ports to be
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associated</guilabel> field, select
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a port from the list.</para>
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<para>The list shows all the instances
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with their fixed IP addresses.</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Click <guibutton>Associate</guibutton>.</para>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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<note>
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<para>To disassociate an IP address from an instance, click
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the <guibutton>Disassociate</guibutton> button.</para>
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<para>To release the floating IP address back into the pool of
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addresses, click the <guibutton>More</guibutton>
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button and select the <guilabel>Release Floating
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IP</guilabel> option.</para>
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</note>
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</section>
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</section>
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