0638317285
Add line breaks as needed for screens Move agent plugin install at the right place for openSUSE, fix description Fix typo Use NEUTRON_PASS, service, controller consistently Add some FIXMEs to remind us to add openSUSE/Fedora instructions Change-Id: I3776ff8bf328840c3eae14ee236ebac8243cd959 backport: havana
555 lines
31 KiB
XML
555 lines
31 KiB
XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
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<section xmlns="http://docbook.org/ns/docbook"
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xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude"
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xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="5.0"
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xml:id="section_networking-provider-router_with-provate-networks">
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<title>Provider router with private networks</title>
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<para>This section describes how to install the OpenStack Networking service and its components
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for a single router use case: a provider router with private networks.</para>
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<para>The following figure shows the setup:</para>
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<note>
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<para>Because you run the DHCP agent and L3 agent on one node, you must set
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<literal>use_namespaces</literal> to <literal>True</literal> (which is the default)
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in both agents' configuration files.</para>
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</note>
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<informalfigure>
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<mediaobject>
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<imageobject>
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<imagedata
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fileref="../common/figures/Neutron-PhysNet-Diagram.png"
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contentwidth="6in"/>
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</imageobject>
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</mediaobject>
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</informalfigure>
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<para>The following nodes are in the setup:<table rules="all">
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<caption>Nodes for use case</caption>
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th>Node</th>
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<th>Description</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td><para>Controller</para></td>
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<td><para>Runs the OpenStack Networking service,
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OpenStack Identity and all of the
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OpenStack Compute services that are
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required to deploy a VM.</para>
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<para>The service must have at least two
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network interfaces. The first should be
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connected to the "Management Network" to
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communicate with the compute and network
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nodes. The second interface should be
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connected to the API/public
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network.</para></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><para>Compute</para></td>
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<td><para>Runs OpenStack Compute and the OpenStack
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Networking L2 agent.</para>
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<para>This node will not have access the
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public network.</para>
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<para>The node must have at least two network
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interfaces. The first is used to
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communicate with the controller node,
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through the management network. The VM
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will receive its IP address from the DHCP
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agent on this network.</para></td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td><para>Network</para></td>
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<td><para>Runs OpenStack Networking L2 agent, DHCP
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agent, and L3 agent.</para>
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<para>This node will have access to the public
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network. The DHCP agent will allocate IP
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addresses to the VMs on the network. The
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L3 agent will perform NAT and enable the
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VMs to access the public network.</para>
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<para>The node must have at least three
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network interfaces. The first communicates
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with the controller node through the
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management network. The second interface
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is used for the VM traffic and is on the
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data network. The third interface connects
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to the external gateway on the network.
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</para></td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table></para>
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<section xml:id="demo_installions">
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<title>Install</title>
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<section xml:id="controller-install-neutron-server">
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<title>Controller</title>
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<procedure>
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<title>To install and configure the controller
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node</title>
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<step>
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<para>Run the following command:</para>
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<screen os="ubuntu;debian"><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>apt-get install neutron-server</userinput></screen>
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<screen os="rhel;centos;fedora"><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>yum install openstack-neutron</userinput></screen>
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<screen os="opensuse"><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>zypper install openstack-neutron</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Configure Neutron services:</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Edit file <filename>/etc/neutron/neutron.conf</filename>
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and modify:
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<programlisting language="ini">core_plugin = neutron.plugins.openvswitch.ovs_neutron_plugin.OVSNeutronPluginV2
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auth_strategy = keystone
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fake_rabbit = False
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rabbit_password = guest</programlisting>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Edit file <filename>
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/etc/neutron/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_neutron_plugin.ini</filename>
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and modify:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">[database]
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connection = mysql://neutron:<replaceable>NEUTRON_DBPASS</replaceable>@localhost:3306/neutron
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[ovs]
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tenant_network_type = vlan
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network_vlan_ranges = physnet1:100:2999</programlisting>
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</listitem>
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<listitem>
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<para>Edit file <filename>
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/etc/neutron/api-paste.ini</filename>
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and modify:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">admin_tenant_name = service
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admin_user = neutron
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admin_password = <replaceable>NEUTRON_PASS</replaceable></programlisting>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Start the services:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>service neutron-server restart</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</section>
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<section
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xml:id="network-node-install-plugin-openvswitch-agent">
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<title>Network node</title>
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<procedure>
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<title>To install and configure the network
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node</title>
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<step>
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<para>Install the packages:</para>
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<!-- FIXME openSUSE, Fedora instructions -->
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>apt-get install neutron-plugin-openvswitch-agent \
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neutron-dhcp-agent neutron-l3-agent</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Start Open vSwitch:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>service openvswitch-switch start</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Add the integration bridge to the Open
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vSwitch:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-br br-int</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Update the OpenStack Networking
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configuration file, <filename>
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/etc/neutron/neutron.conf</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">rabbit_password = guest
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rabbit_host = controller</programlisting>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Update the plug-in configuration file,
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<filename>
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/etc/neutron/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_neutron_plugin.ini
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</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">[database]
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connection = mysql://neutron:<replaceable>NEUTRON_DBPASS</replaceable>@controller:3306/neutron
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[ovs]
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tenant_network_type=vlan
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network_vlan_ranges = physnet1:1:4094
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bridge_mappings = physnet1:br-eth1</programlisting>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create the network bridge <emphasis
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role="bold">br-eth1</emphasis> (All VM
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communication between the nodes occurs through
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eth1):</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-br br-eth1</userinput>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth1 eth1</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create the external network bridge to the
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Open vSwitch:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-br br-ex</userinput>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eth2</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Edit the file <filename>
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/etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini</filename>
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and modify:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">[DEFAULT]
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auth_url = http://controller:35357/v2.0
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admin_tenant_name = service
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admin_user = neutron
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admin_password = <replaceable>NEUTRON_PASS</replaceable>
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metadata_ip = controller
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use_namespaces = True</programlisting>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Edit the file <filename>
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/etc/neutron/api-paste.ini</filename>
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and modify:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">[DEFAULT]
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auth_host = controller
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admin_tenant_name = service
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admin_user = neutron
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admin_password = <replaceable>NEUTRON_PASS</replaceable></programlisting>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Edit the file <filename>
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/etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini</filename>
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and modify:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">use_namespaces = True</programlisting>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Restart networking services:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>service neutron-plugin-openvswitch-agent start
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<prompt>#</prompt> service neutron-dhcp-agent restart
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<prompt>#</prompt> service neutron-l3-agent restart</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="compute-node-install-openvswitch">
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<title>Compute Node</title>
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<procedure>
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<title>To install and configure the compute node</title>
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<step>
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<!-- FIXME openSUSE, Fedora instructions -->
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<para>Install the
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packages:<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>apt-get install openvswitch-switch neutron-plugin-openvswitch-agent</userinput></screen></para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Start the OpenvSwitch
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service:<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>service openvswitch-switch start</userinput></screen></para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create the integration
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bridge:<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-br br-int</userinput></screen></para>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create the network bridge <emphasis
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role="bold">br-eth1</emphasis> (All VM
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communication between the nodes occurs through
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eth1):</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-br br-eth1</userinput>
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<prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ovs-vsctl add-port br-eth1 eth1</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Update the OpenStack Networking
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configuration file <filename>
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/etc/neutron/neutron.conf</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">rabbit_password = guest
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rabbit_host = controller</programlisting>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Update the file <filename>
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/etc/neutron/plugins/openvswitch/ovs_neutron_plugin.ini</filename>:</para>
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<programlisting language="ini">[database]
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connection = mysql://neutron:<replaceable>NEUTRON_DBPASS</replaceable>@controller:3306/neutron
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[ovs]
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tenant_network_type = vlan
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network_vlan_ranges = physnet1:1:4094
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bridge_mappings = physnet1:br-eth1</programlisting>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Restart the OpenvSwitch Neutron plug-in agent:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>service neutron-plugin-openvswitch-agent restart</userinput></screen>
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</step>
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</procedure>
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</section>
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</section>
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<section xml:id="demo_logical_network_config">
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<title>Logical Network Configuration</title>
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<para>You can run the commands in the following procedures on
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the network node.</para>
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<note>
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<para>Ensure that the following environment variables are
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set. Various clients use these variables to access
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OpenStack Identity.</para>
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</note>
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<para><itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Create a <filename>novarc</filename> file:
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<programlisting language="bash">export OS_TENANT_NAME=provider_tenant
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export OS_USERNAME=admin
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export OS_PASSWORD=password
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export OS_AUTH_URL="http://controller:5000/v2.0/"
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export SERVICE_ENDPOINT="http://controller:35357/v2.0"
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export SERVICE_TOKEN=password</programlisting></para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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</para>
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<itemizedlist>
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<listitem>
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<para>Export the
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variables:<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>source novarc echo "source novarc">>.bashrc</userinput></screen>
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</para>
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</listitem>
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</itemizedlist>
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<para>The admin user creates a network and subnet on behalf of
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tenant_A. A user from tenant_A can also complete these
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steps. <procedure>
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<title>To configure internal networking</title>
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<step>
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<para>Get the tenant ID (Used as $TENANT_ID
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later).</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>keystone tenant-list</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+
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| id | name | enabled |
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+----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+
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| 48fb81ab2f6b409bafac8961a594980f | provider_tenant | True |
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| cbb574ac1e654a0a992bfc0554237abf | service | True |
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| e371436fe2854ed89cca6c33ae7a83cd | invisible_to_admin | True |
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| e40fa60181524f9f9ee7aa1038748f08 | tenant_A | True |
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+----------------------------------+--------------------+---------+</computeroutput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create an internal network named <emphasis
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role="bold">net1</emphasis> for tenant_A
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($TENANT_ID will be
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e40fa60181524f9f9ee7aa1038748f08):</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron net-create --tenant-id $TENANT_ID net1</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| admin_state_up | True |
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| id | e99a361c-0af8-4163-9feb-8554d4c37e4f |
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| name | net1 |
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| provider:network_type | vlan |
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| provider:physical_network | physnet1 |
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| provider:segmentation_id | 1024 |
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| router:external | False |
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| shared | False |
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| status | ACTIVE |
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| subnets | |
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| tenant_id | e40fa60181524f9f9ee7aa1038748f08 |
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+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create a subnet on the network <emphasis
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role="bold">net1</emphasis> (ID field
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below is used as $SUBNET_ID later):</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron subnet-create --tenant-id $TENANT_ID net1 10.5.5.0/24</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+------------------+--------------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+------------------+--------------------------------------------+
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| allocation_pools | {"start": "10.5.5.2", "end": "10.5.5.254"} |
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| cidr | 10.5.5.0/24 |
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| dns_nameservers | |
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| enable_dhcp | True |
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| gateway_ip | 10.5.5.1 |
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| host_routes | |
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| id | c395cb5d-ba03-41ee-8a12-7e792d51a167 |
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| ip_version | 4 |
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| name | |
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| network_id | e99a361c-0af8-4163-9feb-8554d4c37e4f |
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| tenant_id | e40fa60181524f9f9ee7aa1038748f08 |
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+------------------+--------------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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</step>
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</procedure></para>
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<para>A user with the admin role must complete the following
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steps. In this procedure, the user is admin from provider_tenant.<procedure>
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<title>To configure the router and external
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networking</title>
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<step>
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<para>Create a router named <emphasis role="bold"
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>router1</emphasis> (ID is used as
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$ROUTER_ID later):</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron router-create router1</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| admin_state_up | True |
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| external_gateway_info | |
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| id | 685f64e7-a020-4fdf-a8ad-e41194ae124b |
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| name | router1 |
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| status | ACTIVE |
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| tenant_id | 48fb81ab2f6b409bafac8961a594980f |
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+-----------------------+--------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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<note>
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<para>The <parameter>--tenant-id</parameter>
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parameter is not specified, so this router
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is assigned to the provider_tenant
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tenant.</para>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Add an interface to <emphasis role="bold"
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>router1</emphasis> and attach it to the
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subnet from <emphasis role="bold"
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>net1</emphasis>:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron router-interface-add $ROUTER_ID $SUBNET_ID</userinput>
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<computeroutput>Added interface to router 685f64e7-a020-4fdf-a8ad-e41194ae124b</computeroutput></screen>
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<note>
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<para>You can repeat this step to add more
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interfaces for other networks that belong
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to other tenants.</para>
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</note>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create the external network named <emphasis
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role="bold">ext_net</emphasis>:</para>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron net-create ext_net --router:external=True</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+
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| admin_state_up | True |
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| id | 8858732b-0400-41f6-8e5c-25590e67ffeb |
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| name | ext_net |
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| provider:network_type | vlan |
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| provider:physical_network | physnet1 |
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| provider:segmentation_id | 1 |
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| router:external | True |
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| shared | False |
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| status | ACTIVE |
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| subnets | |
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| tenant_id | 48fb81ab2f6b409bafac8961a594980f |
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+---------------------------+--------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
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</step>
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<step>
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<para>Create the subnet for floating IPs.</para>
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<note>
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<para>The DHCP service is disabled for this
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subnet.</para>
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</note>
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<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron subnet-create ext_net \
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--allocation-pool start=7.7.7.130,end=7.7.7.150 \
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--gateway 7.7.7.1 7.7.7.0/24 --disable-dhcp</userinput>
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<computeroutput>+------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
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| Field | Value |
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+------------------+--------------------------------------------------+
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| allocation_pools | {"start": "7.7.7.130", "end": "7.7.7.150"} |
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| cidr | 7.7.7.0/24 |
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| dns_nameservers | |
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| enable_dhcp | False |
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| gateway_ip | 7.7.7.1 |
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| host_routes | |
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| id | aef60b55-cbff-405d-a81d-406283ac6cff |
|
|
| ip_version | 4 |
|
|
| name | |
|
|
| network_id | 8858732b-0400-41f6-8e5c-25590e67ffeb |
|
|
| tenant_id | 48fb81ab2f6b409bafac8961a594980f |
|
|
+------------------+--------------------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
</step>
|
|
<step>
|
|
<para>Set the router's gateway to be the external
|
|
network:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron router-gateway-set $ROUTER_ID $EXTERNAL_NETWORK_ID</userinput>
|
|
<computeroutput>Set gateway for router 685f64e7-a020-4fdf-a8ad-e41194ae124b</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
</step>
|
|
</procedure></para>
|
|
<para>A user from tenant_A completes the following steps, so
|
|
the credentials in the environment variables are different
|
|
than those in the previous procedure. <procedure>
|
|
<title>To allocate floating IP addresses</title>
|
|
<step>
|
|
<para>A floating IP address can be associated with
|
|
a VM after it starts. The ID of the port
|
|
($PORT_ID) that was allocated for the VM is
|
|
required and can be found as follows:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>nova list</userinput>
|
|
<computeroutput>+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+---------------+
|
|
| ID | Name | Status | Networks |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+---------------+
|
|
| 1cdc671d-a296-4476-9a75-f9ca1d92fd26 | testvm | ACTIVE | net1=10.5.5.3 |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+---------------+
|
|
</computeroutput>
|
|
<userinput>neutron port-list -- --device_id 1cdc671d-a296-4476-9a75-f9ca1d92fd26</userinput>
|
|
<computeroutput>+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
| id | name | mac_address | fixed_ips |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
|
|
| 9aa47099-b87b-488c-8c1d-32f993626a30 | | fa:16:3e:b4:d6:6c | {"subnet_id": "c395cb5d-ba03-41ee-8a12-7e792d51a167", "ip_address": "10.5.5.3"} |
|
|
+--------------------------------------+------+-------------------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
</step>
|
|
<step>
|
|
<para>Allocate a floating IP (Used as
|
|
$FLOATING_ID):</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron floatingip-create ext_net</userinput>
|
|
<computeroutput>+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|
|
| Field | Value |
|
|
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|
|
| fixed_ip_address | |
|
|
| floating_ip_address | 7.7.7.131 |
|
|
| floating_network_id | 8858732b-0400-41f6-8e5c-25590e67ffeb |
|
|
| id | 40952c83-2541-4d0c-b58e-812c835079a5 |
|
|
| port_id | |
|
|
| router_id | |
|
|
| tenant_id | e40fa60181524f9f9ee7aa1038748f08 |
|
|
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
</step>
|
|
<step>
|
|
<para>Associate the floating IP with the VM's
|
|
port:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron floatingip-associate $FLOATING_ID $PORT_ID</userinput>
|
|
<computeroutput>Associated floatingip 40952c83-2541-4d0c-b58e-812c835079a5</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
</step>
|
|
<step>
|
|
<para>Show the floating IP:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>neutron floatingip-show $FLOATING_ID</userinput>
|
|
<computeroutput>+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|
|
| Field | Value |
|
|
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+
|
|
| fixed_ip_address | 10.5.5.3 |
|
|
| floating_ip_address | 7.7.7.131 |
|
|
| floating_network_id | 8858732b-0400-41f6-8e5c-25590e67ffeb |
|
|
| id | 40952c83-2541-4d0c-b58e-812c835079a5 |
|
|
| port_id | 9aa47099-b87b-488c-8c1d-32f993626a30 |
|
|
| router_id | 685f64e7-a020-4fdf-a8ad-e41194ae124b |
|
|
| tenant_id | e40fa60181524f9f9ee7aa1038748f08 |
|
|
+---------------------+--------------------------------------+</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
</step>
|
|
<step>
|
|
<para>Test the floating IP:</para>
|
|
<screen><prompt>#</prompt> <userinput>ping 7.7.7.131</userinput>
|
|
<computeroutput>PING 7.7.7.131 (7.7.7.131) 56(84) bytes of data.
|
|
64 bytes from 7.7.7.131: icmp_req=2 ttl=64 time=0.152 ms
|
|
64 bytes from 7.7.7.131: icmp_req=3 ttl=64 time=0.049 ms
|
|
</computeroutput></screen>
|
|
</step>
|
|
</procedure>
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
<section xml:id="section_use-cases-single-router">
|
|
<title>Use case: provider router with private networks</title>
|
|
<para>This use case provides each tenant with one or more private networks, which connect to
|
|
the outside world via an OpenStack Networking router. When each tenant gets exactly one
|
|
network, this architecture maps to the same logical topology as the VlanManager in
|
|
OpenStack Compute (although of course, OpenStack Networking doesn't require VLANs).
|
|
Using the OpenStack Networking API, the tenant can only see a network for each private
|
|
network assigned to that tenant. The router object in the API is created and owned by
|
|
the cloud administrator.</para>
|
|
<para>This model supports giving VMs public addresses using "floating IPs", in which the
|
|
router maps public addresses from the external network to fixed IPs on private networks.
|
|
Hosts without floating IPs can still create outbound connections to the external
|
|
network, because the provider router performs SNAT to the router's external IP. The IP
|
|
address of the physical router is used as the <literal>gateway_ip</literal> of the
|
|
external network subnet, so the provider has a default router for Internet traffic.</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
The router provides L3 connectivity between private networks, meaning
|
|
that different tenants can reach each other's instances unless additional
|
|
filtering is used (for example, security groups). Because there is only a single
|
|
router, tenant networks cannot use overlapping IPs. Thus, it is likely
|
|
that the administrator would create the private networks on behalf of the tenants.
|
|
</para>
|
|
<para>
|
|
<mediaobject>
|
|
<imageobject>
|
|
<imagedata scale="55" fileref="../common/figures/UseCase-SingleRouter.png"/>
|
|
</imageobject>
|
|
</mediaobject>
|
|
<!--Image source link: https://docs.google.com/a/nicira.com/drawings/d/1DKxeZZXml_fNZHRoGPKkC7sGdkPJZCtWytYZqHIp_ZE/edit -->
|
|
</para>
|
|
</section>
|
|
</section>
|