301 lines
9.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
301 lines
9.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
======================================
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Using DevStack with neutron Networking
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======================================
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This guide will walk you through using OpenStack neutron with the ML2
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plugin and the Open vSwitch mechanism driver.
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Using Neutron with a Single Interface
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=====================================
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In some instances, like on a developer laptop, there is only one
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network interface that is available. In this scenario, the physical
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interface is added to the Open vSwitch bridge, and the IP address of
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the laptop is migrated onto the bridge interface. That way, the
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physical interface can be used to transmit tenant network traffic,
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the OpenStack API traffic, and management traffic.
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Physical Network Setup
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----------------------
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In most cases where DevStack is being deployed with a single
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interface, there is a hardware router that is being used for external
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connectivity and DHCP. The developer machine is connected to this
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network and is on a shared subnet with other machines.
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.. nwdiag::
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nwdiag {
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inet [ shape = cloud ];
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router;
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inet -- router;
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network hardware_network {
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address = "172.18.161.0/24"
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router [ address = "172.18.161.1" ];
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devstack_laptop [ address = "172.18.161.6" ];
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}
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}
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DevStack Configuration
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----------------------
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::
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HOST_IP=172.18.161.6
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SERVICE_HOST=172.18.161.6
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MYSQL_HOST=172.18.161.6
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RABBIT_HOST=172.18.161.6
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GLANCE_HOSTPORT=172.18.161.6:9292
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ADMIN_PASSWORD=secrete
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MYSQL_PASSWORD=secrete
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RABBIT_PASSWORD=secrete
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SERVICE_PASSWORD=secrete
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SERVICE_TOKEN=secrete
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## Neutron options
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Q_USE_SECGROUP=True
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FLOATING_RANGE="172.18.161.1/24"
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FIXED_RANGE="10.0.0.0/24"
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Q_FLOATING_ALLOCATION_POOL=start=172.18.161.250,end=172.18.161.254
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PUBLIC_NETWORK_GATEWAY="172.18.161.1"
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Q_L3_ENABLED=True
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PUBLIC_INTERFACE=eth0
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Q_USE_PROVIDERNET_FOR_PUBLIC=True
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OVS_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE=br-ex
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PUBLIC_BRIDGE=br-ex
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OVS_BRIDGE_MAPPINGS=public:br-ex
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Using Neutron with Multiple Interfaces
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======================================
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The first interface, eth0 is used for the OpenStack management (API,
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message bus, etc) as well as for ssh for an administrator to access
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the machine.
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::
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stack@compute:~$ ifconfig eth0
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eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr bc:16:65:20:af:fc
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inet addr:192.168.1.18
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eth1 is manually configured at boot to not have an IP address.
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Consult your operating system documentation for the appropriate
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technique. For Ubuntu, the contents of `/etc/network/interfaces`
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contains:
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::
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auto eth1
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iface eth1 inet manual
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up ifconfig $IFACE 0.0.0.0 up
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down ifconfig $IFACE 0.0.0.0 down
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The second physical interface, eth1 is added to a bridge (in this case
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named br-ex), which is used to forward network traffic from guest VMs.
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Network traffic from eth1 on the compute nodes is then NAT'd by the
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controller node that runs Neutron's `neutron-l3-agent` and provides L3
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connectivity.
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::
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stack@compute:~$ sudo ovs-vsctl add-br br-ex
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stack@compute:~$ sudo ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eth1
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stack@compute:~$ sudo ovs-vsctl show
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9a25c837-32ab-45f6-b9f2-1dd888abcf0f
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Bridge br-ex
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Port br-ex
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Interface br-ex
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type: internal
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Port phy-br-ex
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Interface phy-br-ex
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type: patch
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options: {peer=int-br-ex}
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Port "eth1"
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Interface "eth1"
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Disabling Next Generation Firewall Tools
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========================================
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DevStack does not properly operate with modern firewall tools. Specifically
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it will appear as if the guest VM can access the external network via ICMP,
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but UDP and TCP packets will not be delivered to the guest VM. The root cause
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of the issue is that both ufw (Uncomplicated Firewall) and firewalld (Fedora's
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firewall manager) apply firewall rules to all interfaces in the system, rather
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then per-device. One solution to this problem is to revert to iptables
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functionality.
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To get a functional firewall configuration for Fedora do the following:
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::
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sudo service iptables save
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sudo systemctl disable firewalld
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sudo systemctl enable iptables
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sudo systemctl stop firewalld
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sudo systemctl start iptables
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To get a functional firewall configuration for distributions containing ufw,
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disable ufw. Note ufw is generally not enabled by default in Ubuntu. To
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disable ufw if it was enabled, do the following:
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::
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sudo service iptables save
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sudo ufw disable
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Neutron Networking with Open vSwitch
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====================================
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Configuring neutron, OpenStack Networking in DevStack is very similar to
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configuring `nova-network` - many of the same configuration variables
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(like `FIXED_RANGE` and `FLOATING_RANGE`) used by `nova-network` are
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used by neutron, which is intentional.
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The only difference is the disabling of `nova-network` in your
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local.conf, and the enabling of the neutron components.
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Configuration
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-------------
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::
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FIXED_RANGE=10.0.0.0/24
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FLOATING_RANGE=192.168.27.0/24
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PUBLIC_NETWORK_GATEWAY=192.168.27.2
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disable_service n-net
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enable_service q-svc
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enable_service q-agt
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enable_service q-dhcp
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enable_service q-meta
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enable_service q-l3
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Q_USE_SECGROUP=True
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ENABLE_TENANT_VLANS=True
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TENANT_VLAN_RANGE=1000:1999
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PHYSICAL_NETWORK=default
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OVS_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE=br-ex
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In this configuration we are defining FLOATING_RANGE to be a
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subnet that exists in the private RFC1918 address space - however in
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in a real setup FLOATING_RANGE would be a public IP address range.
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Note that extension drivers for the ML2 plugin is set by
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`Q_ML2_PLUGIN_EXT_DRIVERS`, and it includes 'port_security' by default. If you
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want to remove all the extension drivers (even 'port_security'), set
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`Q_ML2_PLUGIN_EXT_DRIVERS` to blank.
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Neutron Networking with Open vSwitch and Provider Networks
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==========================================================
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In some instances, it is desirable to use neutron's provider
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networking extension, so that networks that are configured on an
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external router can be utilized by neutron, and instances created via
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Nova can attach to the network managed by the external router.
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For example, in some lab environments, a hardware router has been
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pre-configured by another party, and an OpenStack developer has been
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given a VLAN tag and IP address range, so that instances created via
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DevStack will use the external router for L3 connectivity, as opposed
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to the neutron L3 service.
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Service Configuration
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---------------------
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**Control Node**
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In this example, the control node will run the majority of the
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OpenStack API and management services (keystone, glance,
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nova, neutron)
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**Compute Nodes**
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In this example, the nodes that will host guest instances will run
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the `neutron-openvswitch-agent` for network connectivity, as well as
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the compute service `nova-compute`.
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DevStack Configuration
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----------------------
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The following is a snippet of the DevStack configuration on the
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controller node.
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::
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PUBLIC_INTERFACE=eth1
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## Neutron options
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Q_USE_SECGROUP=True
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ENABLE_TENANT_VLANS=True
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TENANT_VLAN_RANGE=3001:4000
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PHYSICAL_NETWORK=default
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OVS_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE=br-ex
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Q_USE_PROVIDER_NETWORKING=True
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Q_L3_ENABLED=False
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# Do not use Nova-Network
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disable_service n-net
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# Neutron
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ENABLED_SERVICES+=,q-svc,q-dhcp,q-meta,q-agt
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## Neutron Networking options used to create Neutron Subnets
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FIXED_RANGE="10.1.1.0/24"
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PROVIDER_SUBNET_NAME="provider_net"
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PROVIDER_NETWORK_TYPE="vlan"
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SEGMENTATION_ID=2010
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In this configuration we are defining FIXED_RANGE to be a
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subnet that exists in the private RFC1918 address space - however
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in a real setup FIXED_RANGE would be a public IP address range, so
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that you could access your instances from the public internet.
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The following is a snippet of the DevStack configuration on the
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compute node.
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::
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# Services that a compute node runs
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ENABLED_SERVICES=n-cpu,rabbit,q-agt
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## Neutron options
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Q_USE_SECGROUP=True
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ENABLE_TENANT_VLANS=True
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TENANT_VLAN_RANGE=3001:4000
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PHYSICAL_NETWORK=default
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OVS_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE=br-ex
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PUBLIC_INTERFACE=eth1
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Q_USE_PROVIDER_NETWORKING=True
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Q_L3_ENABLED=False
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When DevStack is configured to use provider networking (via
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`Q_USE_PROVIDER_NETWORKING` is True and `Q_L3_ENABLED` is False) -
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DevStack will automatically add the network interface defined in
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`PUBLIC_INTERFACE` to the `OVS_PHYSICAL_BRIDGE`
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For example, with the above configuration, a bridge is
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created, named `br-ex` which is managed by Open vSwitch, and the
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second interface on the compute node, `eth1` is attached to the
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bridge, to forward traffic sent by guest VMs.
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