devstack/doc/source/plugins.rst
Sean Dague 0124e08ede refresh the devstack plugin docs, add plugin registry
The devstack plugin docs mostly referred to in tree plugins, which is
honestly something we don't want people doing. Instead restructure the
whole document to talk about external plugins as the only kinds of
plugins, and focus on a workflow to make that easy for people to work
through.

This also adds a plugin-registry page to start listing known plugins
somewhere centrally. Some sample content was added, hopefully people
will submit patches to include their plugins.

This does drop the section on hypervisor plugins. That's not currently
something that we expect a ton of people to work on, so diving into
the code for this should be fine.

Change-Id: Ifc0b831c90a1a45daa507a009d1dcffcd6e2deca
2015-06-19 08:48:16 -04:00

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=======
Plugins
=======
The OpenStack ecosystem is wide and deep, and only growing more so
every day. The value of DevStack is that it's simple enough to
understand what it's doing clearly. And yet we'd like to support as
much of the OpenStack Ecosystem as possible. We do that with plugins.
DevStack plugins are bits of bash code that live outside the DevStack
tree. They are called through a strong contract, so these plugins can
be sure that they will continue to work in the future as DevStack
evolves.
Plugin Interface
================
DevStack supports a standard mechansim for including plugins from
external repositories. The plugin interface assumes the following:
An external git repository that includes a ``devstack/`` top level
directory. Inside this directory there can be 2 files.
- ``settings`` - a file containing global variables that will be
sourced very early in the process. This is helpful if other plugins
might depend on this one, and need access to global variables to do
their work.
Your settings should include any ``enable_service`` lines required
by your plugin. This is especially important if you are kicking off
services using ``run_process`` as it only works with enabled
services.
Be careful to allow users to override global-variables for
customizing their environment. Usually it is best to provide a
default value only if the variable is unset or empty; e.g. in bash
syntax ``FOO=${FOO:-default}``.
- ``plugin.sh`` - the actual plugin. It is executed by devstack at
well defined points during a ``stack.sh`` run. The plugin.sh
internal structure is discussed bellow.
Plugins are registered by adding the following to the localrc section
of ``local.conf``.
They are added in the following format::
[[local|localrc]]
enable_plugin <NAME> <GITURL> [GITREF]
- ``name`` - an arbitrary name. (ex: glustfs, docker, zaqar, congress)
- ``giturl`` - a valid git url that can be cloned
- ``gitref`` - an optional git ref (branch / ref / tag) that will be
cloned. Defaults to master.
An example would be as follows::
enable_plugin ec2api git://git.openstack.org/stackforge/ec2api
plugin.sh contract
==================
``plugin.sh`` is a bash script that will be called at specific points
during ``stack.sh``, ``unstack.sh``, and ``clean.sh``. It will be
called in the following way::
source $PATH/TO/plugin.sh <mode> [phase]
``mode`` can be thought of as the major mode being called, currently
one of: ``stack``, ``unstack``, ``clean``. ``phase`` is used by modes
which have multiple points during their run where it's necessary to
be able to execute code. All existing ``mode`` and ``phase`` points
are considered **strong contracts** and won't be removed without a
reasonable deprecation period. Additional new ``mode`` or ``phase``
points may be added at any time if we discover we need them to support
additional kinds of plugins in devstack.
The current full list of ``mode`` and ``phase`` are:
- **stack** - Called by ``stack.sh`` four times for different phases
of its run:
- **pre-install** - Called after system (OS) setup is complete and
before project source is installed.
- **install** - Called after the layer 1 and 2 projects source and
their dependencies have been installed.
- **post-config** - Called after the layer 1 and 2 services have
been configured. All configuration files for enabled services
should exist at this point.
- **extra** - Called near the end after layer 1 and 2 services have
been started.
- **unstack** - Called by ``unstack.sh`` before other services are shut
down.
- **clean** - Called by ``clean.sh`` before other services are cleaned,
but after ``unstack.sh`` has been called.
Example plugin
====================
An example plugin would look something as follows.
``devstack/settings``::
# settings file for template
enable_service template
``devstack/plugin.sh``::
# plugin.sh - DevStack plugin.sh dispatch script template
function install_template {
...
}
function init_template {
...
}
function configure_template {
...
}
# check for service enabled
if is_service_enabled template; then
if [[ "$1" == "stack" && "$2" == "pre-install" ]]; then
# Set up system services
echo_summary "Configuring system services Template"
install_package cowsay
elif [[ "$1" == "stack" && "$2" == "install" ]]; then
# Perform installation of service source
echo_summary "Installing Template"
install_template
elif [[ "$1" == "stack" && "$2" == "post-config" ]]; then
# Configure after the other layer 1 and 2 services have been configured
echo_summary "Configuring Template"
configure_template
elif [[ "$1" == "stack" && "$2" == "extra" ]]; then
# Initialize and start the template service
echo_summary "Initializing Template"
init_template
fi
if [[ "$1" == "unstack" ]]; then
# Shut down template services
# no-op
:
fi
if [[ "$1" == "clean" ]]; then
# Remove state and transient data
# Remember clean.sh first calls unstack.sh
# no-op
:
fi
fi
Plugin Execution Order
======================
Plugins are run after in tree services at each of the stages
above. For example, if you need something to happen before Keystone
starts, you should do that at the ``post-config`` phase.
Multiple plugins can be specified in your ``local.conf``. When that
happens the plugins will be executed **in order** at each phase. This
allows plugins to conceptually depend on each other through
documenting to the user the order they must be declared. A formal
dependency mechanism is beyond the scope of the current work.
System Packages
===============
Devstack provides a framework for getting packages installed at an early
phase of its execution. This packages may be defined in a plugin as files
that contain new-line separated lists of packages required by the plugin
Supported packaging systems include apt and yum across multiple distributions.
To enable a plugin to hook into this and install package dependencies, packages
may be listed at the following locations in the top-level of the plugin
repository:
- ``./devstack/files/debs/$plugin_name`` - Packages to install when running
on Ubuntu, Debian or Linux Mint.
- ``./devstack/files/rpms/$plugin_name`` - Packages to install when running
on Red Hat, Fedora, CentOS or XenServer.
- ``./devstack/files/rpms-suse/$plugin_name`` - Packages to install when
running on SUSE Linux or openSUSE.
Using Plugins in the OpenStack Gate
===================================
For everyday use, DevStack plugins can exist in any git tree that's
accessible on the internet. However, when using DevStack plugins in
the OpenStack gate, they must live in projects in OpenStack's
gerrit. Both ``openstack`` namespace and ``stackforge`` namespace are
fine. This allows testing of the plugin as well as provides network
isolation against upstream git repository failures (which we see often
enough to be an issue).
Ideally a plugin will be included within the ``devstack`` directory of
the project they are being tested. For example, the stackforge/ec2-api
project has its pluggin support in its own tree.
However, some times a DevStack plugin might be used solely to
configure a backend service that will be used by the rest of
OpenStack, so there is no "project tree" per say. Good examples
include: integration of back end storage (e.g. ceph or glusterfs),
integration of SDN controllers (e.g. ovn, OpenDayLight), or
integration of alternate RPC systems (e.g. zmq, qpid). In these cases
the best practice is to build a dedicated
``stackforge/devstack-plugin-FOO`` project.
To enable a plugin to be used in a gate job, the following lines will
be needed in your project.yaml definition::
# Because we are testing a non standard project, add the
# our project repository. This makes zuul do the right
# reference magic for testing changes.
export PROJECTS="stackforge/ec2-api $PROJECTS"
# note the actual url here is somewhat irrelevant because it
# caches in nodepool, however make it a valid url for
# documentation purposes.
export DEVSTACK_LOCAL_CONFIG="enable_plugin ec2-api git://git.openstack.org/stackforge/ec2-api"
See Also
========
For additional inspiration on devstack plugins you can check out the
`Plugin Registry <plugin-registry.html>`_.