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Python’s default arguments are evaluated once when the function is defined, not each time the function is called. This means that if you use a mutable default argument (like list and dict) and mutate it, you will and have mutated that object for all future calls to the function as well. more details about this wrong usage here: http://docs.python-guide.org/en/latest/writing/gotchas/#mutable-default-arguments Change-Id: If187f16bfb305ac4fe6e4177e498a06c49c3f946
OpenStackClient
OpenStackClient (aka OSC) is a command-line client for OpenStack that brings the command set for Compute, Identity, Image, Object Store and Block Storage APIs together in a single shell with a uniform command structure.
The primary goal is to provide a unified shell command structure and a common language to describe operations in OpenStack.
- PyPi - package installation
- Online Documentation
- Launchpad project - release management
- Blueprints - feature specifications
- Bugs - issue tracking
- Source
- Developer - getting started as a developer
- Contributing - contributing code
- IRC: #openstack-sdks on Freenode (irc.freenode.net)
- License: Apache 2.0
Getting Started
OpenStack Client can be installed from PyPI using pip:
pip install python-openstackclientThere are a few variants on getting help. A list of global options
and supported commands is shown with --help:
openstack --helpThere is also a help command that can be used to get
help text for a specific command:
openstack help
openstack help server createConfiguration
The CLI is configured via environment variables and command-line options as listed in http://docs.openstack.org/developer/python-openstackclient/authentication.html.
Authentication using username/password is most commonly used:
export OS_AUTH_URL=<url-to-openstack-identity>
export OS_PROJECT_NAME=<project-name>
export OS_USERNAME=<username>
export OS_PASSWORD=<password> # (optional)The corresponding command-line options look very similar:
--os-auth-url <url>
--os-project-name <project-name>
--os-username <username>
[--os-password <password>]If a password is not provided above (in plaintext), you will be interactively prompted to provide one securely.
Authentication may also be performed using an already-acquired token and a URL pointing directly to the service API that presumably was acquired from the Service Catalog:
export OS_TOKEN=<token>
export OS_URL=<url-to-openstack-service>The corresponding command-line options look very similar:
--os-token <token>
--os-url <url-to-openstack-service>