watcher/doc/source/architecture.rst
vmahe 8f87699910 Add diagrams to the architecture doc page
Added some data model diagrams, sequence diagrams and state machine
diagrams.
The state machine diagrams and sequence diagrams are built with
PlantUML whereas data model diagrams are built with Dia.
Also added some textual description with the sequence diagrams.

Change-Id: Iffbb47b0f2d12ce63eeaa1531a1bd1a790d69e79
Closes-Bug: #1531802
2016-01-20 07:23:03 +01:00

374 lines
13 KiB
ReStructuredText

..
Except where otherwise noted, this document is licensed under Creative
Commons Attribution 3.0 License. You can view the license at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
.. _architecture:
===================
System Architecture
===================
This page presents the current technical Architecture of the Watcher system.
.. _architecture_overview:
Overview
========
Below you will find a diagram, showing the main components of Watcher:
.. image:: ./images/architecture.svg
:width: 100%
.. _components_definition:
Components
==========
.. _amqp_bus_definition:
AMQP Bus
--------
The AMQP message bus handles internal asynchronous communications between the
different Watcher components.
.. _cluster_history_db_definition:
Cluster History Database
------------------------
This component stores the data related to the
:ref:`Cluster History <cluster_history_definition>`.
It can potentially rely on any appropriate storage system (InfluxDB, OpenTSDB,
MongoDB,...) but will probably be more performant when using
`Time Series Databases <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_series_database>`_
which are optimized for handling time series data, which are arrays of numbers
indexed by time (a datetime or a datetime range).
.. _cluster_model_db_definition:
Cluster Model Database
------------------------
This component stores the data related to the
:ref:`Cluster Data Model <cluster_data_model_definition>`.
.. _archi_watcher_api_definition:
Watcher API
-----------
This component implements the REST API provided by the Watcher system to the
external world.
It enables the :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` of a
:ref:`Cluster <cluster_definition>` to control and monitor the Watcher system
via any interaction mechanism connected to this API:
- :ref:`CLI <archi_watcher_cli_definition>`
- Horizon plugin
- Python SDK
You can also read the detailed description of `Watcher API`_.
.. _archi_watcher_applier_definition:
Watcher Applier
---------------
This component is in charge of executing the
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` built by the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`.
It connects to the :ref:`message bus <amqp_bus_definition>` and launches the
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` whenever a triggering message is
received on a dedicated AMQP queue.
The triggering message contains the Action Plan UUID.
It then gets the detailed information about the
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` from the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>` which contains the list
of :ref:`Actions <action_definition>` to launch.
It then loops on each :ref:`Action <action_definition>`, gets the associated
class and calls the execute() method of this class.
Most of the time, this method will first request a token to the Keystone API
and if it is allowed, sends a request to the REST API of the OpenStack service
which handles this kind of :ref:`atomic Action <action_definition>`.
Note that as soon as :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` starts
handling a given :ref:`Action <action_definition>` from the list, a
notification message is sent on the :ref:`message bus <amqp_bus_definition>`
indicating that the state of the action has changed to **ONGOING**.
If the :ref:`Action <action_definition>` is successful,
the :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` sends a notification
message on :ref:`the bus <amqp_bus_definition>` informing the other components
of this.
If the :ref:`Action <action_definition>` fails, the
:ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` tries to rollback to the
previous state of the :ref:`Managed resource <managed_resource_definition>`
(i.e. before the command was sent to the underlying OpenStack service).
.. _archi_watcher_cli_definition:
Watcher CLI
-----------
The watcher command-line interface (CLI) can be used to interact with the
Watcher system in order to control it or to know its current status.
Please, read `the detailed documentation about Watcher CLI <https://factory.b-com.com/www/watcher/doc/python-watcherclient/>`_
.. _archi_watcher_database_definition:
Watcher Database
----------------
This database stores all the Watcher domain objects which can be requested
by the :ref:`Watcher API <archi_watcher_api_definition>` or the
:ref:`Watcher CLI <archi_watcher_cli_definition>`:
- :ref:`Audit templates <audit_template_definition>`
- :ref:`Audits <audit_definition>`
- :ref:`Action plans <action_plan_definition>`
- :ref:`Actions <action_definition>`
- :ref:`Goals <goal_definition>`
The Watcher domain being here "*optimization of some resources provided by an
OpenStack system*".
.. _archi_watcher_decision_engine_definition:
Watcher Decision Engine
-----------------------
This component is responsible for computing a set of potential optimization
:ref:`Actions <action_definition>` in order to fulfill
the :ref:`Goal <goal_definition>` of an :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>`.
It first reads the parameters of the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` from the
associated :ref:`Audit Template <audit_template_definition>` and knows the
:ref:`Goal <goal_definition>` to achieve.
It then selects the most appropriate :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>`
depending on how Watcher was configured for this :ref:`Goal <goal_definition>`.
The :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` is then dynamically loaded (via
`stevedore <https://github.com/openstack/stevedore/>`_). The
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` calls the
**execute()** method of the :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` class which
generates a solution composed of a set of :ref:`Actions <action_definition>`.
These :ref:`Actions <action_definition>` are scheduled in time by the
:ref:`Watcher Planner <watcher_planner_definition>` (i.e., it generates an
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>`).
In order to compute the potential :ref:`Solution <solution_definition>` for the
Audit, the :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` relies on two sets of data:
- the current state of the
:ref:`Managed resources <managed_resource_definition>`
(e.g., the data stored in the Nova database)
- the data stored in the
:ref:`Cluster History Database <cluster_history_db_definition>`
which provides information about the past of the
:ref:`Cluster <cluster_definition>`
So far, only one :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` can be associated to a
given :ref:`Goal <goal_definition>` via the main Watcher configuration file.
.. _data_model:
Data model
==========
The following diagram shows the data model of Watcher, especially the
functional dependency of objects from the actors (Admin, Customer) point of
view (Goals, Audits, Action Plans, ...):
.. image:: ./images/functional_data_model.svg
:width: 100%
.. _sequence_diagrams:
Sequence diagrams
=================
The following paragraph shows the messages exchanged between the different
components of Watcher for the most often used scenarios.
.. _sequence_diagrams_create_audit_template:
Create a new Audit Template
---------------------------
The :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` first creates an
:ref:`Audit template <audit_template_definition>` providing at least the
following parameters:
- A name
- A goal to achieve
.. image:: ./images/sequence_create_audit_template.png
:width: 100%
The `Watcher API`_ just makes sure that the goal exists (i.e. it is declared
in the Watcher configuration file) and stores a new audit template in the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>`.
.. _sequence_diagrams_create_and_launch_audit:
Create and launch a new Audit
-----------------------------
The :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` can then launch a new
:ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` by providing at least the unique UUID of the
previously created :ref:`Audit template <audit_template_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_create_and_launch_audit.png
:width: 100%
A message is sent on the :ref:`AMQP bus <amqp_bus_definition>` which triggers
the Audit in the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_trigger_audit_in_decision_engine.png
:width: 100%
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` reads
the Audit parameters from the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>`. It instantiates the
appropriate :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` (using entry points)
associated to the :ref:`Goal <goal_definition>` of the
:ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` (it uses the information of the Watcher
configuration file to find the mapping between the
:ref:`Goal <goal_definition>` and the :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>`
python class).
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` also
builds the :ref:`Cluster Data Model <cluster_data_model_definition>`. This
data model is needed by the :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` to know the
current state and topology of the audited
:ref:`Openstack cluster <cluster_definition>`.
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` calls
the **execute()** method of the instantiated
:ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` and provides the data model as an input
parameter. This method computes a :ref:`Solution <strategy_definition>` to
achieve the goal and returns it to the
:ref:`Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`. At this point,
actions are not scheduled yet.
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`
dynamically loads the :ref:`Watcher Planner <watcher_planner_definition>`
implementation which is configured in Watcher (via entry points) and calls the
**schedule()** method of this class with the solution as an input parameter.
This method finds an appropriate scheduling of
:ref:`Actions <action_definition>` taking into account some scheduling rules
(such as priorities between actions).
It generates a new :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` with status
**RECOMMENDED** and saves it into the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>`. The saved action plan is
now a scheduled flow of actions.
If every step executed successfully, the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` updates
the current status of the Audit to **SUCCEEDED** in the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>` and sends a notification
on the bus to inform other components that the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>`
was successful.
.. _sequence_diagrams_launch_action_plan:
Launch Action Plan
------------------
The :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` can then launch the
recommended :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_launch_action_plan.png
:width: 100%
A message is sent on the :ref:`AMQP bus <amqp_bus_definition>` which triggers
the :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` in the
:ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_launch_action_plan_in_applier.png
:width: 100%
The :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` will get the
description of the flow of :ref:`Actions <action_definition>` from the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>` and for each
:ref:`Action <action_definition>` it will instantiate a corresponding
:ref:`Action <action_definition>` handler python class.
The :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` will then call the
following methods of the :ref:`Action <action_definition>` handler:
- **validate_parameters()**: this method will make sure that all the
provided input parameters are valid:
- If all parameters are valid, the Watcher Applier moves on to the next
step.
- If it is not, an error is raised and the action is not executed. A
notification is sent on the bus informing other components of the
failure.
- **preconditions()**: this method will make sure that all conditions are met
before executing the action (for example, it makes sure that an instance
still exists before trying to migrate it).
- **execute()**: this method is what triggers real commands on other
OpenStack services (such as Nova, ...) in order to change target resource
state. If the action is successfully executed, a notification message is
sent on the bus indicating that the new state of the action is
**SUCCEEDED**.
If every action of the action flow has been executed successfully, a
notification is sent on the bus to indicate that the whole
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` has **SUCCEEDED**.
.. _state_machine_diagrams:
State Machine diagrams
======================
.. _audit_state_machine:
Audit State Machine
-------------------
The following diagram shows the different possible states of an
:ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` and what event makes the state change to a new
value:
.. image:: ./images/audit_state_machine.png
:width: 100%
.. _action_plan_state_machine:
Action Plan State Machine
-------------------------
The following diagram shows the different possible states of an
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` and what event makes the state
change to a new value:
.. image:: ./images/action_plan_state_machine.png
:width: 100%
.. _Watcher API: webapi/v1.html