watcher/doc/source/architecture.rst
licanwei cd2cd184eb Add RECOMMENDED state
The state of RECOMMENDED also can change to CANCELLED
state by Adminstrator.

Change-Id: Ia6a117367451e6fb35a55acfcbf0fb788063ea4b
2016-10-09 15:43:10 +08:00

467 lines
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ReStructuredText

..
Except where otherwise noted, this document is licensed under Creative
Commons Attribution 3.0 License. You can view the license at:
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
.. _architecture:
===================
System Architecture
===================
This page presents the current technical Architecture of the Watcher system.
.. _architecture_overview:
Overview
========
Below you will find a diagram, showing the main components of Watcher:
.. image:: ./images/architecture.svg
:width: 100%
.. _components_definition:
Components
==========
.. _amqp_bus_definition:
AMQP Bus
--------
The AMQP message bus handles internal asynchronous communications between the
different Watcher components.
.. _cluster_history_db_definition:
Cluster History Database
------------------------
This component stores the data related to the
:ref:`Cluster History <cluster_history_definition>`.
It can potentially rely on any appropriate storage system (InfluxDB, OpenTSDB,
MongoDB,...) but will probably be more performant when using
`Time Series Databases <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_series_database>`_
which are optimized for handling time series data, which are arrays of numbers
indexed by time (a datetime or a datetime range).
.. _cluster_model_db_definition:
Cluster Model Database
------------------------
This component stores the data related to the
:ref:`Cluster Data Model <cluster_data_model_definition>`.
.. _archi_watcher_api_definition:
Watcher API
-----------
This component implements the REST API provided by the Watcher system to the
external world.
It enables the :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` of a
:ref:`Cluster <cluster_definition>` to control and monitor the Watcher system
via any interaction mechanism connected to this API:
- :ref:`CLI <archi_watcher_cli_definition>`
- Horizon plugin
- Python SDK
You can also read the detailed description of `Watcher API`_.
.. _archi_watcher_applier_definition:
Watcher Applier
---------------
This component is in charge of executing the
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` built by the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`.
It connects to the :ref:`message bus <amqp_bus_definition>` and launches the
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` whenever a triggering message is
received on a dedicated AMQP queue.
The triggering message contains the Action Plan UUID.
It then gets the detailed information about the
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` from the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>` which contains the list
of :ref:`Actions <action_definition>` to launch.
It then loops on each :ref:`Action <action_definition>`, gets the associated
class and calls the execute() method of this class.
Most of the time, this method will first request a token to the Keystone API
and if it is allowed, sends a request to the REST API of the OpenStack service
which handles this kind of :ref:`atomic Action <action_definition>`.
Note that as soon as :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` starts
handling a given :ref:`Action <action_definition>` from the list, a
notification message is sent on the :ref:`message bus <amqp_bus_definition>`
indicating that the state of the action has changed to **ONGOING**.
If the :ref:`Action <action_definition>` is successful,
the :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` sends a notification
message on :ref:`the bus <amqp_bus_definition>` informing the other components
of this.
If the :ref:`Action <action_definition>` fails, the
:ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` tries to rollback to the
previous state of the :ref:`Managed resource <managed_resource_definition>`
(i.e. before the command was sent to the underlying OpenStack service).
.. _archi_watcher_cli_definition:
Watcher CLI
-----------
The watcher command-line interface (CLI) can be used to interact with the
Watcher system in order to control it or to know its current status.
Please, read `the detailed documentation about Watcher CLI
<https://factory.b-com.com/www/watcher/doc/python-watcherclient/>`_.
.. _archi_watcher_dashboard_definition:
Watcher Dashboard
-----------------
The Watcher Dashboard can be used to interact with the Watcher system through
Horizon in order to control it or to know its current status.
Please, read `the detailed documentation about Watcher Dashboard
<http://docs.openstack.org/developer/watcher-dashboard/>`_.
.. _archi_watcher_database_definition:
Watcher Database
----------------
This database stores all the Watcher domain objects which can be requested
by the :ref:`Watcher API <archi_watcher_api_definition>` or the
:ref:`Watcher CLI <archi_watcher_cli_definition>`:
- :ref:`Goals <goal_definition>`
- :ref:`Strategies <strategy_definition>`
- :ref:`Audit templates <audit_template_definition>`
- :ref:`Audits <audit_definition>`
- :ref:`Action plans <action_plan_definition>`
- :ref:`Efficacy indicators <efficacy_indicator_definition>` via the Action
Plan API.
- :ref:`Actions <action_definition>`
The Watcher domain being here "*optimization of some resources provided by an
OpenStack system*".
.. _archi_watcher_decision_engine_definition:
Watcher Decision Engine
-----------------------
This component is responsible for computing a set of potential optimization
:ref:`Actions <action_definition>` in order to fulfill
the :ref:`Goal <goal_definition>` of an :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>`.
It first reads the parameters of the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` to know
the :ref:`Goal <goal_definition>` to achieve.
Unless specified, it then selects the most appropriate :ref:`strategy
<strategy_definition>` from the list of available strategies achieving this
goal.
The :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` is then dynamically loaded (via
`stevedore <http://docs.openstack.org/developer/stevedore/>`_). The
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` executes
the strategy.
In order to compute the potential :ref:`Solution <solution_definition>` for the
Audit, the :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` relies on different sets of
data:
- :ref:`Cluster data models <cluster_data_model_definition>` that are
periodically synchronized through pluggable cluster data model collectors.
These models contain the current state of various
:ref:`Managed resources <managed_resource_definition>` (e.g., the data stored
in the Nova database). These models gives a strategy the ability to reason on
the current state of a given :ref:`cluster <cluster_definition>`.
- The data stored in the :ref:`Cluster History Database
<cluster_history_db_definition>` which provides information about the past of
the :ref:`Cluster <cluster_definition>`.
Here below is a sequence diagram showing how the Decision Engine builds and
maintains the :ref:`cluster data models <cluster_data_model_definition>` that
are used by the strategies.
.. image:: ./images/sequence_architecture_cdmc_sync.png
:width: 100%
The execution of a strategy then yields a solution composed of a set of
:ref:`Actions <action_definition>` as well as a set of :ref:`efficacy
indicators <efficacy_indicator_definition>`.
These :ref:`Actions <action_definition>` are scheduled in time by the
:ref:`Watcher Planner <watcher_planner_definition>` (i.e., it generates an
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>`).
.. _data_model:
Data model
==========
The following diagram shows the data model of Watcher, especially the
functional dependency of objects from the actors (Admin, Customer) point of
view (Goals, Audits, Action Plans, ...):
.. image:: ./images/functional_data_model.svg
:width: 100%
Here below is a diagram representing the main objects in Watcher from a
database perspective:
.. image:: ./images/watcher_db_schema_diagram.png
.. _sequence_diagrams:
Sequence diagrams
=================
The following paragraph shows the messages exchanged between the different
components of Watcher for the most often used scenarios.
.. _sequence_diagrams_create_audit_template:
Create a new Audit Template
---------------------------
The :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` first creates an
:ref:`Audit template <audit_template_definition>` providing at least the
following parameters:
- A name
- A goal to achieve
- An optional strategy
.. image:: ./images/sequence_create_audit_template.png
:width: 100%
The `Watcher API`_ makes sure that both the specified goal (mandatory) and
its associated strategy (optional) are registered inside the :ref:`Watcher
Database <watcher_database_definition>` before storing a new audit template in
the :ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>`.
.. _sequence_diagrams_create_and_launch_audit:
Create and launch a new Audit
-----------------------------
The :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` can then launch a new
:ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` by providing at least the unique UUID of the
previously created :ref:`Audit template <audit_template_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_create_and_launch_audit.png
:width: 100%
The :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` also can specify type of
Audit and interval (in case of CONTINUOUS type). There is two types of Audit:
ONESHOT and CONTINUOUS. Oneshot Audit is launched once and if it succeeded
executed new action plan list will be provided. Continuous Audit creates
action plans with specified interval (in seconds); if action plan
has been created, all previous action plans get CANCELLED state.
A message is sent on the :ref:`AMQP bus <amqp_bus_definition>` which triggers
the Audit in the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_trigger_audit_in_decision_engine.png
:width: 100%
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` reads
the Audit parameters from the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>`. It instantiates the
appropriate :ref:`strategy <strategy_definition>` (using entry points)
given both the :ref:`goal <goal_definition>` and the strategy associated to the
parent :ref:`audit template <audit_template_definition>` of the :ref:`audit
<audit_definition>`. If no strategy is associated to the audit template, the
strategy is dynamically selected by the Decision Engine.
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` also
builds the :ref:`Cluster Data Model <cluster_data_model_definition>`. This
data model is needed by the :ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` to know the
current state and topology of the audited
:ref:`Openstack cluster <cluster_definition>`.
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` calls
the **execute()** method of the instantiated
:ref:`Strategy <strategy_definition>` and provides the data model as an input
parameter. This method computes a :ref:`Solution <strategy_definition>` to
achieve the goal and returns it to the
:ref:`Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`. At this point,
actions are not scheduled yet.
The :ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`
dynamically loads the :ref:`Watcher Planner <watcher_planner_definition>`
implementation which is configured in Watcher (via entry points) and calls the
**schedule()** method of this class with the solution as an input parameter.
This method finds an appropriate scheduling of
:ref:`Actions <action_definition>` taking into account some scheduling rules
(such as priorities between actions).
It generates a new :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` with status
**RECOMMENDED** and saves it into the:ref:`Watcher Database
<watcher_database_definition>`. The saved action plan is now a scheduled flow
of actions to which a global efficacy is associated alongside a number of
:ref:`Efficacy Indicators <efficacy_indicator_definition>` as specified by the
related :ref:`goal <goal_definition>`.
If every step executed successfully, the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>` updates
the current status of the Audit to **SUCCEEDED** in the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>` and sends a notification
on the bus to inform other components that the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>`
was successful.
This internal workflow the Decision Engine follows to conduct an audit can be
seen in the sequence diagram here below:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_from_audit_execution_to_actionplan_creation.png
:width: 100%
.. _sequence_diagrams_launch_action_plan:
Launch Action Plan
------------------
The :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` can then launch the
recommended :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_launch_action_plan.png
:width: 100%
A message is sent on the :ref:`AMQP bus <amqp_bus_definition>` which triggers
the :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` in the
:ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>`:
.. image:: ./images/sequence_launch_action_plan_in_applier.png
:width: 100%
The :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` will get the
description of the flow of :ref:`Actions <action_definition>` from the
:ref:`Watcher Database <watcher_database_definition>` and for each
:ref:`Action <action_definition>` it will instantiate a corresponding
:ref:`Action <action_definition>` handler python class.
The :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>` will then call the
following methods of the :ref:`Action <action_definition>` handler:
- **validate_parameters()**: this method will make sure that all the
provided input parameters are valid:
- If all parameters are valid, the Watcher Applier moves on to the next
step.
- If it is not, an error is raised and the action is not executed. A
notification is sent on the bus informing other components of the
failure.
- **preconditions()**: this method will make sure that all conditions are met
before executing the action (for example, it makes sure that an instance
still exists before trying to migrate it).
- **execute()**: this method is what triggers real commands on other
OpenStack services (such as Nova, ...) in order to change target resource
state. If the action is successfully executed, a notification message is
sent on the bus indicating that the new state of the action is
**SUCCEEDED**.
If every action of the action flow has been executed successfully, a
notification is sent on the bus to indicate that the whole
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` has **SUCCEEDED**.
.. _state_machine_diagrams:
State Machine diagrams
======================
.. _audit_state_machine:
Audit State Machine
-------------------
An :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` has a life-cycle and its current state may
be one of the following:
- **PENDING** : a request for an :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` has been
submitted (either manually by the
:ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` or automatically via some
event handling mechanism) and is in the queue for being processed by the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`
- **ONGOING** : the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` is currently being
processed by the
:ref:`Watcher Decision Engine <watcher_decision_engine_definition>`
- **SUCCEEDED** : the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` has been executed
successfully and at least one solution was found
- **FAILED** : an error occurred while executing the
:ref:`Audit <audit_definition>`
- **DELETED** : the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` is still stored in the
:ref:`Watcher database <watcher_database_definition>` but is not returned
any more through the Watcher APIs.
- **CANCELLED** : the :ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` was in **PENDING** or
**ONGOING** state and was cancelled by the
:ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>`
The following diagram shows the different possible states of an
:ref:`Audit <audit_definition>` and what event makes the state change to a new
value:
.. image:: ./images/audit_state_machine.png
:width: 100%
.. _action_plan_state_machine:
Action Plan State Machine
-------------------------
An :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` has a life-cycle and its current
state may be one of the following:
- **RECOMMENDED** : the :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` is waiting
for a validation from the :ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>`
- **PENDING** : a request for an :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>`
has been submitted (due to an
:ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>` executing an
:ref:`Audit <audit_definition>`) and is in the queue for
being processed by the :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>`
- **ONGOING** : the :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` is currently
being processed by the :ref:`Watcher Applier <watcher_applier_definition>`
- **SUCCEEDED** : the :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` has been
executed successfully (i.e. all :ref:`Actions <action_definition>` that it
contains have been executed successfully)
- **FAILED** : an error occurred while executing the
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>`
- **DELETED** : the :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` is still
stored in the :ref:`Watcher database <watcher_database_definition>` but is
not returned any more through the Watcher APIs.
- **CANCELLED** : the :ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` was in
**RECOMMENDED**, **PENDING** or **ONGOING** state and was cancelled by the
:ref:`Administrator <administrator_definition>`
The following diagram shows the different possible states of an
:ref:`Action Plan <action_plan_definition>` and what event makes the state
change to a new value:
.. image:: ./images/action_plan_state_machine.png
:width: 100%
.. _Watcher API: webapi/v1.html